马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论及其在当代中国的发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 05:06

本文选题：马克思恩格斯 + 城乡关系理论　；参考：《江西农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：马克思和恩格斯并没有对城乡关系问题的集中论述,他们的城乡关系思想主要是散见于马克思恩格斯的一些著作当中,但我们并不能否定马克思恩格斯有关城市与乡村关系思想的系统性和科学性,城乡关系思想是马克思主义理论体系中重要的组成部分。马克思恩格斯根据英国工业革命发生以来城乡关系逐渐由和谐走向分离和对立,预测到了未来社会生产力高度发展城乡实现融合的可能性,据此,他们的城乡关系理论概括起来可归结为城乡对立、城乡融合、农业基础地位、统筹城乡发展等。马克思恩格斯的城乡关系思想是我国处理城乡关系问题的理论渊源,在以这个思想为指导下,结合我国实际问题和城乡发展现状,提出处理城乡问题的理论,就形成了有我国自己特色的城乡关系理论。建国以来历届领导人从我国实际出发,致力于城乡关系的协调和发展,致力于城乡差距的缩小和消除,重视农业基础地位,致力于解决三农问题,提出了一系列统筹城乡经济社会发展的理论,既有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。从毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛以至习近平,见证了统筹城乡经济社会协调发展城乡关系和谐的探索历程,也见证了马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论在中国不断发展的历程。现阶段我国城乡二元对立矛盾仍然比较突出,“三农”问题没有得到很好解决,仍然需要马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论的应用与创新,结合现阶段我国城乡关系现状中存在的矛盾与问题,本文总结了马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论指导我国当前城乡关系发展的应用与创新,即:打破城乡二元对立结构,推进城乡一体化发展;大力发展生产力;构建新型城乡关系;重视城市中心地位;推进城乡信任与融合;建立以城带乡长效机制;积极推动中国特色城镇化建设等。文章内容分为四个部分:第一部分为绪论,介绍选题缘由、研究意义及研究现状等。第二部分为马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论的主要内容,即城乡对立、城乡融合、农业基础地位统筹城乡发展等,还介绍了马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论产生的背景以及对马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论的哲学分析。第三部分阐述马克思主义城乡关系理论在中国的发展,从中国化的视角出发,介绍我国历届领导人毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛、习近平对城乡关系和“三农”问题的主张。第四部分为马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论指导我国当前城乡发展。先介绍当前我国城乡关系发展现状中存在的主要问题,如城市病问题,“三农”问题,城乡差距不断拉大的问题,城镇化发展面临困境问题等。其次为运用马克思恩格斯城乡关系理论指导我国当前城乡发展,如彻底打破城乡二元对立结构,大力发展生产力,推动中国特色城镇化建设等,重在提出对策建议,结合中国实践,解决中国问题。
[Abstract]:Marx and Engels did not concentrate on the issue of urban-rural relations. Their thoughts on urban-rural relations were mainly scattered in some works of Marx and Engels. However, we can not deny the systematicness and scientificalness of Marx and Engels' thoughts on the relationship between city and country. The thought of urban-rural relationship is an important part of Marxist theory system. Marx and Engels predicted the possibility of realizing the integration of urban and rural areas with a high degree of development of social productive forces in the future according to the fact that the urban-rural relationship has gradually changed from harmony to separation and opposition since the British Industrial Revolution. Their theory of urban-rural relationship can be summed up as urban-rural opposition, urban-rural integration, the basic status of agriculture, urban and rural development as a whole. Marx and Engels' thought of urban-rural relationship is the theoretical origin of dealing with the problem of urban-rural relations in China. Under the guidance of this thought, combining with the actual problems and the present situation of urban and rural development in China, the author puts forward the theory of dealing with urban-rural problems. On the formation of our own characteristics of the relationship between urban and rural theory. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, successive leaders have devoted themselves to the coordination and development of urban-rural relations, to narrowing and eliminating the gap between urban and rural areas, to the basic position of agriculture, and to solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. This paper puts forward a series of theories of coordinating urban and rural economic and social development, both successful experience and failure lesson. From Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao to Xi Jinping, it has witnessed the exploration course of harmonious development of urban-rural relations as well as the development of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relations in China. At the present stage, the contradiction between urban and rural dual opposition is still prominent in our country. The problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" has not been solved very well. It still needs the application and innovation of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relations. Combined with the contradictions and problems existing in the present situation of China's urban-rural relations, this paper summarizes the application and innovation of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relations to guide the development of our current urban-rural relations, that is, to break the dualistic structure of urban-rural relations. Promote the development of urban-rural integration; vigorously develop productivity; build a new urban-rural relationship; attach importance to the central position of urban and rural areas; promote trust and integration between urban and rural areas; establish a long-term mechanism with urban and rural areas; actively promote the construction of urbanization with Chinese characteristics. The content of this paper is divided into four parts: the first part is introduction, introducing the reason of selecting the topic, the significance of the research and the status quo of the research. The second part is the main content of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relationship, that is, urban-rural antagonism, urban-rural integration, the basic position of agriculture as a whole, urban-rural development, etc. It also introduces the background of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relations and the philosophical analysis of Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relations. The third part describes the development of Marxist theory of urban-rural relations in China, from the perspective of Sinicization, introduces the previous leaders of China, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Xi Jinping's views on the relationship between urban and rural areas and the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The fourth part is the theory of Marx and Engels' urban-rural relationship to guide the current urban and rural development in China. This paper first introduces the main problems existing in the present development of urban-rural relations in China, such as the problems of urban diseases, "three rural areas", the widening gap between urban and rural areas, and the difficulties faced by the development of urbanization, etc. Secondly, using Marx and Engels' theory of urban-rural relationship to guide China's current urban-rural development, such as thoroughly breaking the urban-rural dualistic structure, vigorously developing productive forces, promoting the construction of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, and putting forward countermeasures and suggestions, etc. Combine Chinese practice to solve China's problems.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81;D61

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