马克思主义生态观与核能利用

发布时间：2018-06-21 23:56

本文选题：核能 + 环境污染　；参考：《江西财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：蒸汽机的改良使用，开启了第一次工业革命的进程。至此，资本主义制度在强大的生产力的发展情况下取得了绝对的优势，并战胜封建主义而得到了最终的确立。随着资本主义社会经济快速发展，资本为了满足自己不断增长的利润的需要，资本主义逐步进入到了帝国主义阶段，即进入到了垄断阶段。伴随着竞争的加剧和殖民主义的“崛起”，帝国主义国家开始了远比资本主义初级阶段更加疯狂的扩张，使得煤炭、石油等一次性不可再生能源的使用范围和使用总量得到了空前的拓展。工业革命以及资本主义的发展给人类带来了空前的繁荣，人类似乎变得无所不能：人们可以将火箭推向太空，也可以用潜艇潜入海底；人们可以或乘坐游轮或搭载飞机百无禁忌地环游世界；人们还可以利用现代的信息高速公路尽情地谈天说地。能源的开发利用让人们的生活变得丰富多彩，让人们的感官都得到了前所未有的享受。但是，这样的“自由”并未持续多长时间，世界多地因为滥用煤炭、石油等化石能源使得空气污染盛行，酸雨一次又一次地降临，气候变幻无常，臭氧层越来越稀薄，肥沃的土壤已所剩无几，泥石流或者无端的地陷让人们无所适从。这些都是人类社会发展的巨大代价。于是人们开始寻找一种更为清洁高效的能源来取代化石能源，它既能减轻环境污染，又能供人们生产生活所用，可谓是一举两得。在这样的背景下，，核能诞生了。但是，科学技术是把双刃剑。核能固然一时间解决了人类的需求，但接踵而至的事故让我们又开始怀疑——核能果真是洁净高效的能源么？本文围绕核能使用背景、开发利用全过程和出现的事故做了一个较为全面的阐述，希望通过论述告诫世人：核能不是我们的唯一出路。并结合马克思主义生态哲学和西方生态马克思主义观点，希望通过哲学角度说明核能的开发利用存在的各种问题。最后，笔者还阐述了当今已经开发的洁净能源使用情况及开发前景，希望能对当前能源的选择利用提供参考意见。
[Abstract]:The improved use of steam engines opened the process of the first industrial revolution. At this point, the capitalist system in the development of strong productive forces to gain absolute advantage, and overcome feudalism to get the final establishment. With the rapid development of capitalist society and economy, capitalism has gradually entered the stage of imperialism, that is, into the stage of monopoly, in order to meet the need of increasing profits. With the intensification of competition and the "rise" of colonialism, the imperialist countries began to expand much more frantically than in the early stages of capitalism, making coal, Oil and other disposable non-renewable energy use range and total use has been unprecedented expansion. The industrial revolution and the development of capitalism brought unprecedented prosperity to mankind, who seemed to have become omnipotent: people could push rockets into space, or they could dive into the sea with submarines; People can travel around the world in or on cruise ships or on airplanes; they can also use the modern information superhighway to talk about the world. The exploitation and utilization of energy make people's life rich and colorful, and people's senses get unprecedented enjoyment. However, such "freedom" did not last long. The world was plagued by air pollution due to the misuse of fossil energy, such as coal and oil, acid rain over and over again. The climate was fickle and the ozone layer was becoming thinner and thinner. There is little fertile soil left, and mudslides or groundless subsidence leave people at a loss. These are the huge costs of the development of human society. So people began to look for a cleaner and more efficient energy to replace fossil energy, which can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also can be used by people to produce and live, it can kill two birds with one stone. Against this background, nuclear energy was born. However, science and technology is a double-edged sword. Nuclear energy has met human needs for a while, but the ensuing accidents have made us wonder if nuclear energy is really a clean and efficient energy source. Based on the background of the use of nuclear energy, this paper makes a comprehensive exposition of the whole process and accidents of the development and utilization of nuclear energy, hoping to warn the world that nuclear energy is not the only way out for us. Combined with Marxist ecological philosophy and western ecological Marxist viewpoint, the author hopes to explain the problems existing in the development and utilization of nuclear energy from the philosophical point of view. Finally, the author also expounds the situation and prospect of clean energy utilization which has been developed now, and hopes to provide some suggestions for the selection and utilization of current energy sources.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X2;A81

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