文化和文化实践对历史发展的决定作用——基于对马克思经济基础与上层建筑理论的再思考

发布时间：2018-06-26 10:31

本文选题：马克思 + 恩格斯　；参考：《江苏行政学院学报》2015年05期

【摘要】：经济与上层建筑理论是马克思主义文论理论的原生点。马克思指出可用自然科学旁证的仅限于物质生产的变革,精神即文化的生产不在此例。据此,上层建筑与经济基础的认知与互动,当非精神生活与物质生活、精神生产与物质生产的概括可以简单厘定。恩格斯对经济基础和上层建筑的补充说明也显示,经济基础很难被理解为一成不变的制度结构,它毋宁说是生产关系的总和。而凡言关系,必首先涉及人和人之间的社会关系。由是观之,"生产"作为马克思社会理论的一个核心概念,就不应该仅仅定位在"基础"之中,仅仅把它看作一个物质范畴;精神生产因此也不仅仅是一种比喻,而是决定社会变革与社会发展的主要因素。没有文化就没有生产,也谈不上社会的发展。文化对于经济基础而言具有自足性,是生产活动的特定框架,也是社会关系重组和社会整合的一种基础。
[Abstract]:The theory of economy and superstructure is the primary point of Marxist literary theory. Marx pointed out that the change that can be circumvented by natural science is limited to material production, except for the production of spirit that is culture. Accordingly, the cognition and interaction between superstructure and economic base can be defined simply when non-spiritual life and material life, spiritual production and material production generalize. Engels' supplementary explanation to the economic base and superstructure also shows that the economic base is difficult to be understood as a fixed institutional structure, and it is rather the sum total of the relations of production. The relationship between people and people must first be involved in social relations. Therefore, as a core concept of Marx's social theory, "production" should not only be located in the "foundation", but only regarded as a material category; therefore, spiritual production is not just a metaphor, It is the main factor that determines social change and social development. Without culture, there would be no production and no social development. Culture is self-sufficient for the economic base, is the specific framework of production activities, and is also a basis for social relations reorganization and social integration.
【作者单位】：复旦大学中文系;
【基金】：2011年度国家社科基金项目“马克思主义文化理论发展研究”(11BS016)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：A811;G05

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