论青年毛泽东的中西文化观（1912-1921）

发布时间：2018-07-11 15:15

本文选题：青年毛泽东 + 中西文化观　；参考：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：毛泽东是一位伟大的无产阶级革命家、政治家、思想家,而青年时期是毛泽东一生中思想信仰形成的重要阶段,具有重要的研究意义和研究价值。本文把1912年6月至1921年中国共产党成立前这一时期的毛泽东称为青年毛泽东。青年毛泽东的中西文化观,指的是他在对中国传统文化和西方文化学习、比较、批判和借鉴的基础上形成的关于中国文化如何发展的思想观点和主张。在吸收中国与西方优秀文化成果的基础上,批判地对待中西文化,力求把两者结合起来,将马克思主义思想与中国社会的实际相结合,创造出符合中国特色的文化,是青年毛泽东中西文化观的主要内容和特色。本论文主要围绕青年毛泽东中西文化观的内容展开分析和论述。首先,青年毛泽东中西文化观的形成与当时的时代条件、文化渊源、个人因素是息息相关的。为了摆脱半殖民地半封建社会的困境,探索民族自强的发展道路,先进的中国人不断的向西方国家寻求真理,但是都以失败告终,而新文化运动的兴起和俄国十月革命的爆发,给处于迷茫中的知识分子带来新的希望。青年毛泽东正处于中国社会动乱的时期,外受帝国主义国家疯狂入侵,内有清政府腐败统治,内忧外患纷乱交杂。他入学启蒙接受的是传统的中国文化教育,中国的优秀传统文化为其奠定了思想上的文化根基。在湖南省立第一师范读书时,青年毛泽东接触到了大量的西方文化,西方文化为其提供了开阔的视野和辩证的思维模式,湖湘优秀的地域文化对他不断地加以熏陶,马克思主义思想的出现为他指明了文化发展的方向,学校教育及自小就具有的忧国忧民情怀,对青年毛泽东中西文化观的形成都有着独特的影响。其次,“先中后西”、“取于外而资于内”是青年毛泽东中西文化观的基本态度。青年毛泽东不断追求进步,他通过对中国传统文化的批判反思,对西方文化的学习和借鉴,逐步形成了自己对待中西文化时所应采取的态度,由信奉中国传统文化转向接受西方多种思想文化的观点,由对中西文化进行对比到确立马克思主义信仰,并开展了一系列宣传新思想的实践活动。最后,青年毛泽东中西文化观的特点主要体现在与时俱进的进步性、中西融合的辩证性、理论与实际相结合的实践性。他的中西文化观明确了辩证吸收与借鉴基础上的文化创新方向、为新民主主义文化纲领的提出奠定基础,初步确立了发展中国文化的马克思主义方法论,对当今社会文化大发展、大繁荣也具有借鉴意义。青年毛泽东的中西文化观具有典型性、代表性,加强对它的研究不仅可以深化对毛泽东思想的研究,而且有利于强化对毛泽东一生文化思想发展脉络的把握,更重要的是对于增强当代中国青年的文化自信具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong is a great proletarian revolutionist, politician, thinker, and the youth is an important stage in the formation of Mao Zedong's ideological belief, which has important research significance and research value. This paper refers to the Mao Zedong of the period before the founding of the Communist Party of China from June 1912 to 1921 as the young Mao Zedong. Young Mao Zedong's view of Chinese and western culture refers to his ideas and opinions on how to develop Chinese culture on the basis of studying, comparing, criticizing and drawing lessons from Chinese traditional culture and western culture. On the basis of absorbing the outstanding cultural achievements of China and the West, we must critically treat the Chinese and Western cultures, strive to combine the two, combine Marxist thinking with the reality of Chinese society, and create a culture that conforms to Chinese characteristics. It is the main content and characteristic of young Mao Zedong's Chinese and western cultural view. This thesis mainly focuses on the analysis and discussion of the content of the Chinese and Western views of youth Mao Zedong. First of all, the formation of young Mao Zedong's Chinese and Western cultural views is closely related to the times, cultural origin and personal factors. In order to get rid of the predicament of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society and to explore the road of national self-improvement, the advanced Chinese constantly sought truth from the western countries, but all of them ended in failure, and the rise of the New Culture Movement and the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia. It brings new hope to the intellectuals who are in a state of confusion. Young Mao Zedong is in the period of social unrest in China, foreign imperialist countries invaded madly, there is corruption rule of Qing government, internal and external troubles are mixed. He accepted the traditional Chinese culture education, and the excellent Chinese traditional culture laid the ideological foundation for it. When he was studying in the first normal University of Hunan Province, young Mao Zedong came into contact with a large number of Western cultures, which provided him with a broad vision and dialectical thinking mode. The excellent regional culture of Huxiang nurtured him constantly. The emergence of Marxist thought pointed out the direction of cultural development for him. The school education and the worried feelings of the nation and the people had a unique influence on the formation of the Chinese and Western cultural views of the youth Mao Zedong. Secondly, "first China and then West", "take from outside and invest in the inside" is the basic attitude of young Mao Zedong's Chinese and Western cultural views. Young Mao Zedong is constantly pursuing progress. Through his critical reflection on Chinese traditional culture and his study and reference to western culture, he has gradually formed his own attitude towards Chinese and Western cultures. From the viewpoint of believing in Chinese traditional culture to accepting many kinds of western ideology and culture, from comparing Chinese and western culture to establishing Marxist belief, a series of practical activities of propagating new ideas were carried out. Finally, the characteristics of young Mao Zedong's Chinese and Western cultural views are mainly reflected in the progress with the times, the dialectics of the integration of China and the West, and the practicality of the combination of theory and practice. His views on Chinese and Western cultures make clear the direction of cultural innovation on the basis of dialectical absorption and reference, lay the foundation for the proposal of the new democratic cultural program, and initially establish the Marxist methodology for the development of Chinese culture. Today's social and cultural development, the great prosperity also has reference significance. The Chinese and western cultural views of young Mao Zedong are typical and representative. Strengthening the research on it can not only deepen the study of Mao Zedong's thoughts, but also strengthen the grasp of the development of Mao Zedong's lifelong cultural thoughts. More importantly, it is of great significance to strengthen the cultural self-confidence of contemporary Chinese youth.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G0;A841

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