马克思共产主义思想的起源——重新思考“巴黎手稿”对共产主义的七条论证

发布时间：2018-08-14 10:18

【摘要】：在马克思的思想构成中,共产主义无疑是非常重要的一个部分。然而,过去研究马克思的共产主义思想的一个重要的路径,是通过后来的共产主义实践运动来理解马克思的共产主义思想,或者说把以马克思主义为旗号的共产主义运动看作马克思共产主义思想的原始文本。这种做法一定程度上误解了马克思共产主义思想的"原生形态"。在马克思建立共产主义理论的过程中,"巴黎手稿"构成了非常重要的一环。在其中的第三笔记本中,马克思对共产主义做了七个方面的说明和论证,内容丰富、思想发散,涵盖了"粗陋的"、"政治的"和"积极的"共产主义类型,提出了共产主义是历史之谜的解答、感性的解放和真正的无神论,并且说明了理解共产主义需要辩证法,共产主义运动是一个漫长的历史过程。这些论证展示了马克思形成共产主义思想所经历的艰辛探索,以及这一思想内容的复杂性、深刻性。
[Abstract]:Communism is undoubtedly a very important part of Marx's ideology. However, an important way to study Marx's communist thought in the past was to understand Marx's communist thought through the later communist practice movement. In other words, the communist movement under the banner of Marxism is regarded as the original text of Marx's communist thought. To some extent, this practice misunderstood the "original form" of Marx's communist thought. In the course of Marx's theory of communism, Paris manuscripts formed a very important link. In the third notebook, Marx made seven explanations and arguments on communism, rich in content and divergent in ideology, covering "crude", "political" and "active" types of communism. This paper puts forward that communism is the solution to the riddle of history, the liberation of sensibility and the true atheism, and explains that understanding communism requires dialectics, and the communist movement is a long historical process. These argumentation demonstrate the painstaking exploration that Marx experienced in forming the communist thought, and the complexity and profundity of the content of this thought.
【作者单位】：北京大学哲学系;德国洪堡大学;
【分类号】：A811

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