当前中国共产党执政合法性基础面临的挑战及重构

发布时间：2018-09-04 09:22

【摘要】：合法性对政治运行发挥着至关重要的作用,以描述和解释政治生活运行机制为目标的分析研究都对其予以关注,因此合法性问题一直是政治学科研究的重点和热点,政党政治兴起后,政党的执政合法性亦成为学界探索的焦点问题。中国共产党执政60余年,执政合法性基础几经变迁,改革开放后绩效合法性优先的合法性基础构建战略取得良好效果的同时其局限性也逐渐显现,加之我国正处于社会转型的关键时期,合法性基础重构成为党巩固执政不能回避的考验。中国共产党执政合法性基础研究不仅可丰富现有的理论研究成果、加深对合法性问题的理解和对执政规律的认识,更有助于我们从现实层面分析党执政合法性基础构建遭遇的挑战,以更积极的态度、更理性的方式寻求解决合法性危机或潜在危机的对策。文章首先将在导论中进行有关本课题研究现状的介绍,西方学界对合法性问题研究由来已久并且成果颇丰,笔者力图对现有研究成果进行总结梳理,以提取对本论文主题有借鉴价值的学说。同时,该部分将对合法性、合法性基础、政绩困局等相关概念进行厘定,分析概念所具有的深刻内涵,并给出笔者的理解。除导论和小结外,本文主要包括三个部分：一、文章分1949年—1957年、1958年—1977年、1978年至今三个时期纵向阐述了中国共产党执政合法性基础的历史演变,并注重横向对绩效合法性与同时期中国共产党其他执政合法性基础进行比较,梳理不同时期绩效合法性在中国共产党执政合法性资源中所占的地位和发挥的作用,并通过权威数据和调研报告辅以证明。二、以绩效合法性所陷入的“政绩困局”为基础全面分析中国共产党执政遭遇的挑战和困境。合法性基础的构建并不是一劳永逸的,本部分将着重把合法性理论中有关后发国家遭遇的绩效合法性危机与中国具体情况结合,以此为出发点全面探讨中国共产党的执政处境,阐述完善并加强党执政合法性的紧迫性。改革开放30年来,中国共产党对绩效合法性的依赖逐渐加强,进入社会变革的关键时期后,绩效合法性的局限日益凸显,陷入“政绩困局”。同时全球化背景下,意识形态合法性基础构建面临威胁,法理型合法性资源的有效开发亦不足。三、从绩效、法理和意识形态三个角度出发全面构建中国共产党执政合法性。笔者力图在吸收西方理论文明成果的基础上,结合中国实际,力图对现有中国共产党执政合法性重构路径进行深入的分析。我们在改善和坚持济绩效增长思路的同时,应注重制度构建和意识形态吸引力的加强,最终实现中国共产党执政合法性基础的主导由绩效合法性向法理型权威的转变。
[Abstract]:Legitimacy plays a vital role in the political operation, and the analysis and research aimed at describing and explaining the mechanism of political life are all concerned, so legitimacy has always been the focus and hot spot of political research. After the rise of party politics, the ruling legitimacy of political parties has also become the focus of academic exploration. After more than 60 years in power, the foundation of legitimacy of the CPC has changed several times. After the reform and opening up, the strategy of constructing the legitimacy foundation of the priority of performance legitimacy has achieved good results, while its limitations have gradually appeared. In addition, our country is in the key period of social transformation, the reconstruction of legitimacy foundation becomes the test that the Party can not avoid. The basic research on the legitimacy of the ruling of the Communist Party of China can not only enrich the existing theoretical research results, but also deepen the understanding of the legitimacy problem and the ruling law. It is more helpful for us to analyze the challenges encountered in the construction of the legitimacy foundation of the Party from a realistic perspective, and to seek solutions to the legitimacy crisis or the potential crisis in a more positive and rational manner. First of all, the article will introduce the research status quo of this topic in the introduction, the western academic circles have a long history of the legitimacy research and have a lot of achievements, the author tries to summarize and comb the existing research results. In order to extract the theme of this paper has reference value theory. At the same time, this part will determine the relevant concepts such as legitimacy, legitimacy foundation, political achievements difficulties and so on, analyze the profound connotation of the concept, and give the author's understanding. In addition to the introduction and summary, this paper mainly includes three parts: first, the article divided into 1949-1957, 1958-1977, 1978-present three periods of vertical elaboration of the CPC ruling legitimacy of the historical basis of evolution. It also pays attention to the horizontal comparison between the performance legitimacy and other ruling legitimacy foundations of the CPC in the same period, and combs the position and function of the performance legitimacy in the ruling legitimacy resources of the Communist Party of China in different periods. And through authoritative data and research reports to support the proof. Secondly, on the basis of performance legitimacy, the paper analyzes the challenges and difficulties encountered by the Communist Party of China. The foundation of legitimacy is not established once and for all. This part will focus on combining the crisis of performance legitimacy encountered in the theory of legitimacy with the specific conditions of China, so as to explore the ruling situation of the Communist Party of China in an all-round way. The urgency of perfecting and strengthening the legitimacy of the Party's ruling power is expounded. Since the reform and opening up 30 years ago, the Communist Party of China has gradually strengthened its dependence on performance legitimacy. After entering the critical period of social change, the limitation of performance legitimacy has become increasingly prominent and has fallen into a "political performance dilemma". At the same time, under the background of globalization, the construction of ideological legitimacy foundation is threatened, and the effective exploitation of legal legitimacy resources is also insufficient. Third, construct the ruling legitimacy of CPC from three angles of performance, legal theory and ideology. On the basis of absorbing the achievements of western theoretical civilization and combining with the reality of China, the author tries to make an in-depth analysis of the existing path of reconstruction of the ruling legitimacy of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, we should pay attention to the construction of the system and the strengthening of the attraction of ideology, and finally realize the transformation from the legitimacy of performance to the authority of legal theory of the ruling legitimacy of the Communist Party of China.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D25

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