马克思人与自然关系理论的多重视野

发布时间：2018-09-08 08:02

【摘要】：马克思的思想中蕴含着丰富的、众多的关于人与自然关系的思想，他开创性的把“实践”概念引入到人与自然关系的讨论之中，认为“实践”是人与自然关系的纽带，人与自然关系具有对象化的特质，自然界被分为“自在自然”和“人化自然”。他从系统视野审视人与自然的关系，认为自然界造就了人类并成为了社会的前提，人是自然类存在和社会类存在的统一体，人和自然之间存在着物质变换关系。他还考察了人与自然关系的历史变迁，把人与自然关系的变迁分为了三个阶段，认为人类史是自然史的延伸，生产力生产关系之间的关系和相互作用成为人与自然关系演变的机制。他的理论最终落脚点主要体现在《资本论》中。在《资本论》中，通过对当时盛行世界的资本主义生产方式的批判，，他找出近代以来不断出现的生态危机的根源，提出要建立共产主义社会，最终实现人与自然的高度和谐的社会。科学发展观理论的理论渊源应该说就是马克思人与自然关系理论，是对马克思人与自然关系理论的发展，以使其能为中国当代的全面发展做出指导。在快速发展的当代社会，更好的理解并运用马克思人与自然关系理论，为中国当代解决生态环境问题提出可供参考和运用的发展理论，创建人与自然和谐发展的社会有积极的理论意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Marx's thought contains a lot of ideas about the relationship between man and nature. He has pioneered the concept of "practice" into the discussion of the relationship between man and nature, and holds that "practice" is the link between man and nature. The relationship between man and nature has the characteristics of objectification, and nature is divided into "free nature" and "humanized nature". He examines the relationship between man and nature from a systematic perspective, and thinks that nature has created man and become the premise of society, that man is the unity of the existence of nature and the existence of social class, and that there is a material transformation relationship between man and nature. He also examined the historical changes of the relationship between man and nature, and divided the change of the relationship between man and nature into three stages, and thought that human history is an extension of natural history. The relationship and interaction between productive forces and production relations become the mechanism of the evolution of the relationship between man and nature. His theory is mainly embodied in Capital. In Capital, by criticizing the mode of production of capitalism that prevailed in the world at that time, he found out the root causes of the ecological crisis that had been constantly appearing since modern times, and proposed the establishment of a communist society. Finally, the realization of a highly harmonious society between man and nature. The theoretical origin of the scientific concept of development should be said to be Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature, which is the development of Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature, so that it can guide the overall development of contemporary China. In the rapid development of contemporary society, a better understanding and use of Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature, for China's contemporary solution to the ecological environment problems for reference and application of the development theory, The society of harmonious development between founder and nature has positive theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;B03

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