马克思《人类学笔记》中的社会形态理论研究
发布时间：2018-09-13 15:53
【摘要】：社会形态理论是马克思思想宝库中很重要的一个部分,对它的剖析有助于更好地指导社会主义实践,而马克思晚年《人类学笔记》则是其中尤为重要的贡献。《人类学笔记》深入研究了东方社会的历史,并在此基础上提出了有异于他早期文献中有关对社会解释的社会形态理论,这使得如何理解东方社会,以及东方与西方文明是否遵循同一发展进路等问题成为需要深入思考的课题。 当前学术界对马克思社会形态理论的三种不同的理解,从马克思社会形态理论的文本出发,是辨别何种理解更为合理的唯一方法。从《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中社会形态理论的原初发现,到《1857—1858年经济学手稿》中社会形态理论的正式提出,再到《资本论》写作时期的社会形态理论,马克思对社会形态的认识具有了完整的形式。然而《人类学笔记》对社会形态的新探索,却发展出一种不同于以前的社会形态的思考进路。《人类学笔记》中马克思从土地所有制入手,结合他所掌握的有关东方社会的历史和现实的资料,对亚细亚生产方式进行探讨,对东方社会发展道路作出设想,提出了一些创造性的观点,完善了东方社会发展理论,对社会形态的研究提供了新的选择。通过晚年笔记中的社会形态理论与传统的五形态理论的比较研究,能够达到更加全面地对马克思社会形态理论的认识。 可以发现,马克思对社会形态的研究经历了从逻辑的方法到历史的方法的转变,从单一性到二重性社会形态的重大超越。通过对马克思《人类学笔记》中的社会形态理论的分析,对照中国社会发展的实际,能够证明马克思社会形态理论具有重大的理论价值和现实意义。
[Abstract]:The theory of social formation is an important part of the treasure house of Marx's thought, and its analysis will help to better guide the socialist practice. Marx's Anthropology Notes was a particularly important contribution in his later years. The Anthropological Notes deeply studied the history of the oriental society, and on this basis put forward a theory of social formation different from that of his earlier literature on social interpretation. Therefore, how to understand the oriental society and whether the oriental and western civilizations follow the same path of development has become a question to be considered deeply. At present, three different understandings of Marx's social formation theory in academic circles are the only way to distinguish which understanding is more reasonable from the text of Marx's social formation theory. From the initial discovery of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, to the formal presentation of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics from 1857 to 1858, and to the theory of social formation in the writing period of Capital, Marx's understanding of social formation has a complete form. However, the new exploration of social formation in Anthropology has developed a new way of thinking which is different from that before. In Anthropology, Marx begins with land ownership. Based on the historical and realistic information he has about the oriental society, this paper probes into the production mode in Asia, conceives the way of the development of the oriental society, puts forward some creative viewpoints, and perfects the theory of the development of the oriental society. The study of social formation provides a new choice. Through the comparative study of the theory of social formation in the notes of old age and the traditional theory of five forms, we can get a more comprehensive understanding of Marx's theory of social formation. It can be found that Marx's research on social formation has experienced a transformation from the logical method to the historical method, and a great transcendence from the singularity to the duality of the social formation. By analyzing the theory of social formation in Marx's Anthropology Notes, we can prove that Marx's theory of social formation has great theoretical value and practical significance compared with the reality of Chinese social development.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;B03
本文编号：2241634
[Abstract]:The theory of social formation is an important part of the treasure house of Marx's thought, and its analysis will help to better guide the socialist practice. Marx's Anthropology Notes was a particularly important contribution in his later years. The Anthropological Notes deeply studied the history of the oriental society, and on this basis put forward a theory of social formation different from that of his earlier literature on social interpretation. Therefore, how to understand the oriental society and whether the oriental and western civilizations follow the same path of development has become a question to be considered deeply. At present, three different understandings of Marx's social formation theory in academic circles are the only way to distinguish which understanding is more reasonable from the text of Marx's social formation theory. From the initial discovery of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, to the formal presentation of the theory of social formation in the manuscript of Economics from 1857 to 1858, and to the theory of social formation in the writing period of Capital, Marx's understanding of social formation has a complete form. However, the new exploration of social formation in Anthropology has developed a new way of thinking which is different from that before. In Anthropology, Marx begins with land ownership. Based on the historical and realistic information he has about the oriental society, this paper probes into the production mode in Asia, conceives the way of the development of the oriental society, puts forward some creative viewpoints, and perfects the theory of the development of the oriental society. The study of social formation provides a new choice. Through the comparative study of the theory of social formation in the notes of old age and the traditional theory of five forms, we can get a more comprehensive understanding of Marx's theory of social formation. It can be found that Marx's research on social formation has experienced a transformation from the logical method to the historical method, and a great transcendence from the singularity to the duality of the social formation. By analyzing the theory of social formation in Marx's Anthropology Notes, we can prove that Marx's theory of social formation has great theoretical value and practical significance compared with the reality of Chinese social development.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;B03
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