中国共产党对传统文化的认识和政策（1978-1992）

发布时间：2018-09-17 09:41

【摘要】：1978—1992年,中国共产党对传统文化进行了重新认知、估值和定位,使其在中国特色社会主义现代化建设中实现了"由破到立"的里程碑式转变。本文从文化的概念谈起,阐释了什么是文化,什么是中国传统文化,什么是中国优秀传统文化,并指出本文所言及的传统文化。在理清传统文化概念的基础上,条分缕析地回顾了1921—1978年中国共产党对传统文化的认识与政策的纵向历史发展过程。接着系统地梳理了 1978—1992年中国共产党对传统文化的认识和政策的历史史实:1978-1979年,走出"文革",遭受十年"文革"蹂躏的中国传统文化,冲破了长期的黑暗,翘首企盼着光明的到来;1979-1981年,曙光初现,党中央呼吁必须把学习马列和学习文化遗产结合起来,把学习传统文化提升到与学习马列同等重要的地位;1982-1985,艰难前行,"抵制腐朽的资产阶级思想和封建残余思想的影响",成为此时的主旋律,该时期党对传统文化的认识比较矛盾,一方面肯定传统文化的积极作用,一方面又在抵制封建文化和西方资产阶级的思想污染;1986-1992,复兴发扬,要继承与发扬中华民族优良的思想文化传统,成为我国的主要的文化政策。从党对传统文化的认识和政策的历史史实中,总结出了中共产党对传统文化的认识和政策的内在逻辑及其表现特点。在这个历史时期,中国共产党对传统文化的认识和政策,总的来说是批判继承,但在不同的阶段,各有侧重,或批判与继承并行,或在批判继承中进行创造,或在批判继承中复兴与发扬。在批判继承交叉直至继承发扬的螺旋式上升的内在逻辑关系中,归纳出了该时期内,中国共产党对传统文化的认识和政策的表现特点,党对传统文化地位的认识日益增强,党对传统文化优秀性内容的认识与日俱增,党对传统文化作用的认识逐步提高。重新审视与考察这一历史过程,可以有助于我们了解该时期党对传统文化的政策演变,得出了党对传统文化的认识与政策的经验启示,弘扬优秀传统文化,提升强国战略地位,坚持用马克思主义正确引领传统文化,批判继承传统文化,在批判中求发扬。建党九十余年来,中国共产党一直致力于传统文化的批判、改造、继承、弘扬以及创造性转化与创新性发展。该历史过程一再证明:凡是正确认识传统文化,并科学而理性地继承和弘扬之,我们的革命和建设就会取得胜利;凡是对传统文化的认识出现了偏颇或过多否定,我们的革命和建设就会出现失误和走向歧途。
[Abstract]:From 1978 to 1992, the Communist Party of China reperceived, valued and positioned the traditional culture, which made it realize the milestone transformation from breaking to building in the construction of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. From the concept of culture, this paper explains what is culture, what is Chinese traditional culture, what is Chinese excellent traditional culture, and points out the traditional culture mentioned in this paper. On the basis of clarifying the concept of traditional culture, this paper reviews the vertical historical development process of the Chinese Communist Party's understanding and policy of traditional culture from 1921 to 1978. Then it systematically combs the historical facts of the Chinese Communist Party's understanding of traditional culture and its policy from 1978 to 1992. From 1978 to 1979, it walked out of the "Cultural Revolution" and suffered from the "Cultural Revolution" for ten years, thus breaking through the long darkness. Looking forward to the bright arrival of 1979-1981, when the dawn first appeared, the Central Committee of the Party called for the integration of the study of Marxism-Leninism and the study of cultural heritage. To elevate the study of traditional culture to a position of equal importance as that of studying Marxism-Leninism. It was difficult to move forward, "to resist the influence of decadent bourgeois thought and feudal remnant thought", became the main melody at this time, and the Party's understanding of traditional culture in that period was quite contradictory. On the one hand, we affirm the positive role of traditional culture, on the other hand, we resist the feudal culture and the ideological pollution of the Western bourgeoisie. We should carry forward and carry forward the fine ideological and cultural traditions of the Chinese nation and become the main cultural policy of our country. From the historical facts of the Party's understanding of traditional culture and policy, this paper summarizes the inherent logic and characteristics of Chinese Communist Party's understanding and policy on traditional culture. In this historical period, the Communist Party of China's understanding and policy towards traditional culture in general is critical inheritance, but at different stages, it has its own emphasis, either criticizing and inheriting in parallel, or creating in the process of critical inheritance. Or reviving and developing in critical inheritance. In the internal logical relationship of the spiral rise of critical inheritance and development, the author concludes that in this period, the Communist Party of China's understanding of the traditional culture and the characteristics of the performance of the policy, the party's understanding of the status of traditional culture is increasing. The Party's understanding of the outstanding content of traditional culture is increasing day by day, and the Party's understanding of the role of traditional culture is gradually improved. A re-examination of this historical process can help us understand the evolution of the Party's policy towards traditional culture in this period, draw the Party's understanding of traditional culture and its experience and enlightenment, carry forward the excellent traditional culture, and promote the strategic position of the powerful nation. Persist in correctly leading traditional culture with Marxism, criticizing and inheriting traditional culture, and carrying forward in criticism. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC) for more than 90 years, the CPC has been devoting itself to the criticism, transformation, inheritance, promotion, creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture. This historical process has proved time and again that whenever we correctly understand traditional culture, and inherit and carry forward it scientifically and rationally, our revolution and construction will win, and any understanding of traditional culture will be biased or too much negated. We will make mistakes and go astray in our revolution and construction.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G122;D25

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