马克思个人所有制思想的法哲学解读——以“杜林问题”为核心

发布时间：2018-10-14 10:14

【摘要】：杜林在批评马克思《资本论》第一卷中的个人所有制思想时提出了个人所有制何以又是社会所有制的问题即"杜林问题"。这一问题的答案蕴含于马克思早期的法哲学思想之中。马克思在批判黑格尔法哲学和国民经济学的过程中,一方面把社会理解为个人活动的社会性质,另一方面又把个人理解为社会存在物,把社会和个人看作以实践为基础的能动的辩证关系。马克思在分析财产之本质的时候指出劳动产品是一种感性的社会联系纽带,赋予了所有制以实践、总体性与所有等三个方面的基本内涵。私有制作为所有制在特定历史条件下的产物,其结果是生产资料的所有者对社会关系的控制,是人对人的剥削。社会所有制的目的则在于更好地保证个人对于生产资料和劳动产品的占有与利用,为个人的全面发展提供真正的保障。因此,把社会所有制称作个人所有制更能体现其本质内容和历史意义。
[Abstract]:In criticizing the thought of individual ownership in the first volume of Marx's "Capital", du Lin raised the question of why individual ownership is social ownership, that is, "Durin problem". The answer to this question is contained in Marx's early legal philosophy. In the process of criticizing Hegel's philosophy of law and national economics, Marx, on the one hand, understood society as the social nature of individual activities, on the other hand, he understood the individual as social existence. Regard society and individual as dynamic dialectical relations based on practice. When Marx analyzed the essence of property, he pointed out that labor product is a kind of perceptual social link, which endows ownership with three basic connotations: practice, totality and ownership. As a product of ownership under certain historical conditions, private ownership results in the control of social relations by the owners of the means of production and the exploitation of human beings by human beings. The purpose of social ownership is to better ensure the possession and utilization of the means of production and labor products, and to provide real protection for the overall development of individuals. Therefore, social ownership as individual ownership can reflect its essential content and historical significance.
【作者单位】：贵州财经大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：A81

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