科学发展观视阈下现代化道路的生态转向

发布时间：2018-12-23 20:45

【摘要】：本文在科学发展观的指导下，结合我国实际情况，借鉴国外成功经验，，论证了我国现代化的生态转向是必然趋势以及提出了现代化生态转向的求解路径。现代化是人类孜孜以求的共同理想，为了实现现代化，中国共产党领导中国人民不断进行探索并最终确立了到本世纪中叶基本实现现代化的宏伟目标。从建国之初的“四个现代化”，到高度文明和高度民主，到富强、民主、文明的现代化目标，到经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的“四位一体”，到中共十八大提出的经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态建设“五位一体”的现代化总体布局，中国的现代化事业不断向前发展。现代化之路并不是一帆风顺的。前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。在发展进程中，我们遇到了各种各样的生态问题，资源约束趋紧，矿产资源、水资源、土地资源、森林资源表现出了总量不足且人均量少、消耗量大、地区分布不均衡、浪费严重的困境；环境污染严重表现在以河流、地表（下）水为主的水污染、以PM2.5为主的空气污染、以城市垃圾为主的固体废弃物污染等困境；生态系统失衡表现在脆弱生态环境下的水土流失、极端天气的频发、生物物种多样性锐减的困境，这些无一不阻碍了现代化进程。究其原因，首先表现在生态价值观的偏颇，稀缺性资源观和环境公平道德观的淡薄、异化消费观和片面经济发展观的横行；其次是不完善的政府管理制度，滞后的法律机制、非科学的决策机制、低效率的执行机制以及不健全的监督机制；最后是传统的经济技术手段，黑色的资源能源结构、粗放型经济发展方式以及过度科学技术的应用，违背了科学技术的初衷。走出现代化生态困境的出路就是实现现代化的生态转向，现代化的生态转向是顺应时代、符合民心的必然之举。现代化的生态转向是科学发展观的内在要求，生态文明是现代化的重要内容。要实现我国现代化的生态转向，首先要树立生态价值观，包括树立资源稀缺观、公平的道德观、绿色的消费观以及科学的发展观；其次要完善政府管理制度，包括完善法律机制、决策机制、执行机制以及监督机制；最后还要加强经济技术手段，实现低碳化资源能源结构、集约型经济发展方式、合理的生态技术的使用。这样才能从根本上实现现代化的生态转向，才能最终实现现代化的奋斗目标。
[Abstract]:Under the guidance of the scientific concept of development, combined with the actual situation of our country, and drawing on the successful experience of foreign countries, this paper proves that the ecological turn of modernization in our country is an inevitable trend and puts forward the solution path of the ecological turn of modernization. Modernization is the common ideal of mankind. In order to realize modernization, the Communist Party of China led the Chinese people to explore and finally established the grand goal of basically realizing modernization by the middle of this century. From the "four modernizations" at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the highly civilized and highly democratic, to the modernization objectives of prosperity, democracy and civilization, to the "four-in-one" of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. To the overall layout of the "five-in-one" modernization of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction, and ecological construction proposed by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's modernization cause has continued to move forward. The road to modernization is not plain sailing. The future is bright and the road is tortuous. In the process of development, we have encountered various ecological problems, such as the tightening of resource constraints, mineral resources, water resources, land resources and forest resources, which show that the total amount is insufficient, the per capita quantity is small, the consumption is large, and the regional distribution is not balanced. Squandering serious dilemmas; The serious environmental pollution is caused by the water pollution of rivers, surface water, PM2.5, solid waste and so on. The imbalance of ecosystem is reflected in soil and water loss in fragile ecological environment, frequent occurrence of extreme weather, and the dilemma of decreasing biodiversity of biological species, all of which hinder the process of modernization. The reason lies in the biases of ecological values, the scarcity of resources and environmental justice, the alienation of consumption and one-sided economic development view. Secondly, the imperfect government management system, the lagging legal mechanism, the unscientific decision-making mechanism, the inefficient execution mechanism and the imperfect supervision mechanism; Finally, the traditional economic and technological means, black resource and energy structure, extensive economic development mode and the application of excessive science and technology are against the original intention of science and technology. The way out of the dilemma of modern ecology is to realize the ecological turn of modernization, and the ecological turn of modernization is an inevitable act in keeping with the times and in keeping with the people's hearts. The ecological turn of modernization is the inherent requirement of the scientific development view, and ecological civilization is the important content of modernization. In order to realize the ecological turn of our country's modernization, we must first set up ecological values, including the concept of scarcity of resources, fair morality, green consumption and scientific development; Secondly, we should perfect the government management system, including the legal mechanism, the decision-making mechanism, the executive mechanism and the supervision mechanism. Finally, economic and technological means should be strengthened to realize the structure of low-carbon resources and energy, intensive economic development mode and rational use of ecological technology. Only in this way can the ecological turn of modernization be realized fundamentally and the goal of modernization be realized finally.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D616

【参考文献】