马克思主义生态观视阈下我国“两型社会”构建

发布时间：2019-05-23 16:30

【摘要】：生态问题已经是全球性问题,关系到人类的发展命运。在这个问题上,马克思和恩格斯以其深邃的理论洞察力、科学的研究方法、强烈的历史使命感,在人与自然关系上做了意义深刻的研究,形成了马克思主义生态观。马克思在早期关注的是现实的人的生存境遇的,在中晚期马克思开始关注生态问题,看到西方大工业化下带来的环境污染。并透过现象看到本质,揭露了导致人与环境关系恶化背后的资本主义制度才是元凶。马克思以他经济学和哲学视角分析深层次原因,阐述人与自然关系,探索解决途径。马克思、恩格斯认为人类是自然产物,本质上具有自然属性；另一方面人类又具有主观能动性,具有思维性、目的性、因此也是社会存在物,具有社会属性。人类的社会活动要遵守自然规律,改造自然环境的同时遵重自然,违反自然规律行事,必然会受到自然的无情惩罚。文中分析了资本主义制度的反生态本质,同时也为我国经济发展提出警示,不能走资本主义国家先污染后治理的老路子。当今我国的经济发展最大瓶颈就是环境与资源的问题。我国几代领导人针对环境问题作了很多探索,在马克思主义生态观的基础上,形成了中国化的马克思主义生态观。我们以中国特色的马克思主义生态观指导两型社会建设。深入分析和系统阐述马克思主义生态观,梳理、总结中国化的马克思主义生态观,有利于我们处理人与自然关系问题。深入挖掘和系统阐述这一理论,对寻求解决生态问题之道,实施可持续发展战略,对于我们今天反思人与自然关系,解决生态环境问题,建设两型社会,具有重要指导意义。
[Abstract]:Ecological problem is already a global problem, which is related to the fate of human development. On this issue, Marx and Engels, with their profound theoretical insight, scientific research methods, a strong sense of historical mission, have done profound research on the relationship between man and nature, and formed Marxist ecological view. Marx paid attention to the living conditions of human beings in the early stage, and began to pay attention to ecological problems in the middle and late period, and saw the environmental pollution brought about by the great industrialization of the West. Through the phenomenon, we can see the essence, which reveals that the capitalist system behind the deterioration of the relationship between man and the environment is the culprit. Marx analyzes the deep-seated reasons from the perspective of his economics and philosophy, expounds the relationship between man and nature, and explores the ways to solve them. Marx and Engels believed that human beings are natural products, which essentially have natural attributes; on the other hand, human beings have subjective initiative, thinking and purpose, so they are also social beings and social attributes. Human social activities should abide by the laws of nature, reform the natural environment and respect nature at the same time, and act in violation of the laws of nature, which will inevitably be punished mercilessly by nature. This paper analyzes the anti-ecological nature of capitalist system, and also gives a warning for the economic development of our country, which can not take the old way of pollution first and then control in capitalist countries. Nowadays, the biggest bottleneck of economic development in our country is the problem of environment and resources. Several generations of leaders in China have made a lot of explorations on environmental problems, and on the basis of Marxist ecological view, they have formed a Sinicized Marxist ecological view. We guide the construction of the two types of society with the Marxist ecological view with Chinese characteristics. It is helpful for us to deal with the relationship between man and nature by deeply analyzing and systematically expounding Marxist ecological view, combing and summing up the Chinese Marxist ecological view. It is of great guiding significance for us to explore and systematically elaborate this theory for finding solutions to ecological problems and implementing sustainable development strategy for us to reflect on the relationship between man and nature, solve ecological environment problems and build a two-type society.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;X2;F205

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