全面二孩政策下家庭生育抉择及其影响因素探析

发布时间：2018-02-02 19:30

本文关键词： 全面二孩政策生育抉择个人因素家庭因素社会因素　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一项基本国策,生育政策的每次调整都会对家庭造成一定程度的影响,此次"全面二孩"政策的出台也不例外。本文就是在这种背景下探究育龄家庭会作何抉择以及影响其做出抉择的因素。采用质性研究方法中的深度访谈法,对来自双非家庭以及非双非家庭两种不同家庭类型的访谈对象进行访谈,并对访谈获得的资料进行编码分析,得出影响育龄家庭生育抉择的三点因素。第一点是个人因素。具体包括个体意愿、个体年龄以及个体身体条件三个方面。个体意愿是个体就生育与否,何时生育,生育男孩还是女孩,也就是生育的数量,时间以及性别的看法。而个体年龄与个体身体条件则是个体对自身年龄以及身体条件的评估。第二点是家庭因素。具体包括家庭意愿以及家庭支持两方面。其中家庭支持又分为家庭经济支持以及家庭照料支持。家庭意愿包括父母、配偶以及子女对生育的看法,是家庭意愿的集合。家庭经济支持则是家庭自身以及来自父母的经济支持。家庭照料支持则是家庭在整个生育周期以及孩子出生后成长发育期间提供的看护照顾支持。第三点是社会因素。具体包括区域性生育文化、生育政策、社会服务与设施以及女性职业发展压力四个方面。其中区域性生育文化指各地区不同的生育文化氛围,主要指城乡之间的文化差别。对家庭而言,个人意愿对二孩生育抉择起正向作用,而年龄以及女性职业发展压力与二孩生育抉择成负向相关关系,其他各因素与二孩生育并无明显相关关系,并且以上各因素并不是独立起作用,也不存在某个因素占据主导地位,而是各因素相互作用,共同影响家庭的生育决策。
[Abstract]:As a basic national policy, every adjustment of reproductive policy will have a certain impact on the family. The introduction of the "comprehensive two-child" policy is no exception. This paper is in this context to explore what choices will be made by families of childbearing age and the factors that affect their choices. Interviews were conducted on two different types of families from double non-family and non-double-non-family, and the data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed. The first one is the individual factor, which includes the individual will, the individual age and the individual physical condition. The individual will is whether the individual is fertile or not. When to have children, boys or girls, that is, the number of births. The time and gender view. And the individual age and the individual body condition is the individual to oneself age as well as the physical condition appraisal. The second point is the family factor. Specifically includes the family will and the family support two aspects. Family support is divided into family financial support and family care support. Family will include parents. The views of spouses and children on childbearing. Family financial support is the financial support of the family itself and from the parents. Family care support is the care provided by the family throughout the birth cycle and during the development of the child after birth. Support. The third is social factors. Specifically, regional fertility culture is included. Fertility policy, social services and facilities, as well as the pressure of female career development. Regional fertility culture refers to different cultural atmosphere in different regions, mainly refers to the cultural differences between urban and rural areas. Personal will plays a positive role in the choice of the second child, while age and female pressure of career development have a negative correlation with the choice of birth of the second child, while other factors have no obvious correlation with the birth of the second child. And the above factors are not independent, and there is no dominant factor, but the interaction of each factor, together to affect the family fertility decision.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.21;C913.1

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