生育政策调整后中产阶级的生育意愿研究——基于北京、上海、广州三个城市的调查

发布时间：2018-03-10 16:32

本文选题：生育意愿　切入点：中产阶级　出处：《社会科学辑刊》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国在进入超低生育水平之后,逐步调整了生育控制政策,在此情况下人们的生育意愿会发生怎样的变化是政府、社会和学界共同关注的话题。以北京、上海、广州中产阶级的理想生育子女数和期望生育子女数为指标进行的调查表明,除了传统的个人特征,如性别、婚姻状况、生育状况、户籍属性等因素外,自评阶层、中产阶级、家庭收入水平和消费结构都会对生育意愿产生影响。生育政策调整以后,对生育意愿影响的经济因素强于社会阶层因素,即便是在北京、上海、广州这样的超大城市,中产阶级也仍然处于成长期,尚未与非中产阶级在生育意愿上表现出显著差异。造成持续的低生育水平的主要原因不再是严格的生育控制政策,而是高昂的生育成本,因此,提高生育水平亟待解决的问题是经济压力和生育成本的问题。
[Abstract]:After China has entered the ultra-low fertility level, it has gradually adjusted its fertility control policy. Under such circumstances, how people's fertility will change is a topic of common concern among the government, society and academic circles. To Beijing, Shanghai, A survey of the ideal number of children and the number of children expected of the middle class in Guangzhou shows that, in addition to traditional personal characteristics, such as gender, marital status, fertility status, household registration, and other factors, self-assessment class, middle class, etc. The level of family income and the structure of consumption will have an impact on fertility willingness. After the adjustment of the fertility policy, the economic factors that affect fertility willingness are stronger than those of the social class, even in mega-cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The middle class is still in its early stages of growth and has yet to show significant differences in fertility intentions with non-middle classes. The main reason for the persistent low fertility level is no longer strict fertility control policies, but high fertility costs, so, The problem of improving fertility level is the problem of economic pressure and birth cost.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院社会学研究所;
【分类号】：C924.21

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