中国春运人口省际流动的时空与结构特征

发布时间：2018-04-03 07:32

  本文选题：春运　切入点：人口流动　出处：《地理科学进展》2017年08期

【摘要】：本文通过构建人口省际流动的关系矩阵,透视2015年中国春节期间人口省际流动的动态过程、网络特征,并对各省人口流入、流出的规模差异进行测度。研究结论如下:(1)春节前后中国各省每日人口净流入人次存在显著的规律性特征,2月13-17日和2月25日-3月1日为各省节前返乡流和节后返工流期间人口净流入、流出峰值时段,可作为基于春运研究中国人口省际流动的重要依据;(2)识别了14个人口净流入省、17个人口净流出省,净流入位序前六省和后八省分别吸纳和提供了全国9成人口的集聚与扩散。人口主要流入省的沿海绵延和主要流出省的中部"人口塌陷"共同构成了双纵格局;(3)各省流出首位流的指向特征显著,南方人口流出省的流出指向存在共性,京津、长三角、珠三角地区的人口集聚路径存在差异。(4)移动数据为发掘人口流动过程中蕴含的丰富信息提供了平台,基于节后、节前净流入值差值的方法可以有效识别中国人口流动的规模差异、属性特征。通过与以往研究对比,证实了移动数据与基于人口普查数据研究的诸多结论相似性。
[Abstract]:By constructing the relationship matrix of population flow between provinces, this paper analyzes the dynamic process and network characteristics of the population flow between provinces during the Spring Festival of 2015 in China, and measures the scale difference of the inflow and outflow of population in each province.The results are as follows: (1) before and after the Spring Festival, there are significant regular characteristics of the daily net inflow of the population in every province in China. February 13-17 and February 25-March 1 are the periods of net inflow and outflow of population during the period of returning home before and after the Spring Festival.As an important basis for the study of interprovincial population mobility in China based on Spring Festival Transportation, 14 provinces with net population inflow and 17 provinces with net population outflow are identified. The first six provinces in order of net inflow and the last eight provinces respectively absorb and provide the concentration and diffusion of 90% of the population in the whole country.The coastal extension of the main inflow of population into the province and the "population collapse" in the central part of the main outflow province together constitute a dual longitudinal pattern. (3) the directional characteristics of the first outflow of the provinces are significant, and the outflow direction of the southern provinces has a common character, namely, Beijing, Tianjin, and the Yangtze River Delta.The migration data in Pearl River Delta provide a platform for discovering the rich information contained in the process of population flow.The method of difference of net inflow value before the festival can effectively identify the scale difference and attribute characteristics of population flow in China.By comparing with the previous studies, the similarities between mobile data and census data are confirmed.
【作者单位】： 吉林大学地球科学学院;东北师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41630749);国家自然科学基金项目(41401172,51178091)~~
【分类号】：C924.2
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本文编号：1704210