上海市人口老龄化对消费结构的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 21:04

本文选题：上海市 + 人口老龄化　；参考：《四川省社会科学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：人口老龄化问题已经成为了当今世界各国社会经济发展过程中面临的共同话题,人口年龄结构的转变对人们社会经济生活的各个方面所产生的影响是广泛而深刻的。作为世界上最大的发展中国家,我国的人口老龄化程度正在不断加剧,老年人口增长速度快并且呈现出了高龄化的发展趋势。由于我国在经济尚不发达的情况下进入人口老龄化社会,必将对我国的经济和社会发展带来巨大的影响和深刻的变化。上海市作为我国率先进入人口老龄化社会的城市,人口老龄化程度已经达到了发达国家的平均水平。研究发现,上海市人口老龄化具有增长速度快、高龄化等特点。自1993年至今上海市已经连续17年出现人口自然负增长,同时随着上海市经济的快速发展,出生率与死亡率的将进一步降低,上海市的人口老龄化程度还将持续加深。老年人口的消费需求和消费结构与其他年龄阶段的人口有着显著的不同,因此老年人口的不断增加必定会严重影响到上海市居民消费结构的转变。本文第一部分对上海市老年人口的基本情况进行了全面分析,并通过研究结果对老年人口在近些年发展过程中所呈现出的特点做了详细的描述;第二部分对上海市城镇居民消费结构从1980年至今的变化情况以及老年人口的消费需求变化进行了系统分析,老年人口在社会服务、医疗保健、精神文化和服装衣着等方面的特殊需求正在稳步增加;第三部分运用了灰色关联度的分析方法对上海市老年人口对消费结构的影响因素进行了研究,从而得出老年人口在交通和通信、居住和教育文化娱乐服务需求方面的消费支出增长速度较快,增加幅度较大,而在医疗保健服务和衣着需求方面的消费支出的占比来看是呈下降趋势;最后一部分,基于对前文分析的基础上对优化上海市老年人口消费结构的对策进行探讨:首先应该大力发展老龄产业,这是改善老年人口特殊消费需求的重要前提,也是为了能够更好的应对上海市老年人口峰值的到来;其次要加快发展社会养老服务业,指出高龄老年人口的增加需要家庭和社会更多的照料,而社会养老服务业的发展能够满足这些老年人口群体的特殊需求;最后根据上海市的实际情况逐步改善社会养老保障体系,提高上海市老年人口的晚年生活质量,不断完善老年权益保障的各项机制,切实保护老年人群体的权利。
[Abstract]:The problem of population aging has become a common topic in the process of social and economic development in various countries in the world. The change of population age structure has a wide and profound impact on all aspects of people's social and economic life. As the largest developing country in the world, the aging of population in our country is getting worse, and the aging population is increasing rapidly and showing the trend of aging. Because our country enters the aging society of population under the condition of undeveloped economy, it will bring great influence and profound change to the economic and social development of our country. As the first city in China to enter the aging society, Shanghai has reached the average level of population aging in developed countries. The study found that the aging population in Shanghai has the characteristics of rapid growth and aging. Since 1993, there has been 17 years of natural negative population growth in Shanghai. With the rapid development of Shanghai economy, the birth rate and death rate will be further reduced, and the aging of the population in Shanghai will continue to deepen. The consumption demand and consumption structure of the elderly population are significantly different from those of other age groups, so the continuous increase of the elderly population will seriously affect the transformation of the consumption structure of Shanghai residents. The first part of this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the basic situation of the elderly population in Shanghai and describes the characteristics of the elderly population in recent years through the results of the research. The second part systematically analyzes the changes in the consumption structure of urban residents in Shanghai from 1980 to the present and the changes in the consumption demand of the elderly population in social services, medical care, and health care. The special demands of spiritual culture and clothing are increasing steadily. The third part studies the factors that affect the consumption structure of the elderly population in Shanghai by using the method of grey correlation. As a result, it is concluded that the consumption expenditure of the elderly population on the demand for transportation, communication, housing, and educational, cultural and recreational services has increased more rapidly and by a larger margin. And the proportion of consumer spending on health care and clothing needs is on the decline; the last part, Based on the above analysis, this paper probes into the countermeasures to optimize the consumption structure of the elderly population in Shanghai: firstly, we should vigorously develop the aging industry, which is an important prerequisite for improving the special consumption needs of the elderly population. It is also in order to better cope with the arrival of the peak elderly population in Shanghai. Secondly, it is necessary to speed up the development of the social old-age service industry, pointing out that the increase of the elderly population needs more care from families and society. The development of the social pension service industry can meet the special needs of these elderly population groups. Finally, according to the actual situation in Shanghai, the social old-age security system can be improved step by step, and the quality of life of the elderly population in Shanghai will be improved gradually. We will constantly improve the various mechanisms for safeguarding the rights and interests of the elderly, and effectively protect the rights of the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：四川省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C924.25

【引证文献】