嘉鱼县人口城镇化问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 10:33

本文选题：嘉鱼县 + 人口城镇化　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：人口城镇化是随着社会分工发展在工业化进程中出现的产物,它是农村人口向城镇聚集或农村地区城镇化的过程。我国人口城镇化速度在世界上是最快的,并且目前正在经历世界上有史以来最大规模的农民向城镇迁移的过程。自1978年改革开放三十年来,我国人口城镇化率已从当年的17.9%提高到2010年的49.7%(截止2010年11月1日零时中国大陆总人口为13.39亿,其中城镇人口已达6.66亿),30年提高了31.8个百分点。人口城镇化一方面带来了巨大的基础设施和城镇房地产等行业的投资需求,另一方面大量农村人口转移和生活方式变革还创造了巨大的消费需求,这些成为拉动我国经济持续快速增长的强劲动力。加快推进城镇化进程,是当前优化城乡和区域结构、扩大国内需求的最有效途径,也是加快转变经济发展方式的重要内容。改革开放以前,以户籍制度为基础,城市和农村被分割为二元社会。传统的经济发展战略则使得社会结构的城市化大大滞后于经济结构的工业化。城市居民和农村居民在就业、福利、收入水平、公共服务等方面均存在较大的差异。改革以来的发展历程,既是纠正传统发展战略,使城市化水平补偿性地提高的过程,也是通过市场机制和发展战略等一系列手段不断打破二元结构,实现社会结构一体化的过程。国际国内城镇化经验表明,在城镇化迅速发展的阶段,必须重视城乡的协调发展,否则快速的城镇化也会产生一系列不良的后果。正是在这种背景下,解决中国长期存在的“三农”问题,打破城乡二元结构,已经成为促进经济持续发展和社会和谐稳定的必然要求。城乡一体化是我国着力推进农村人口城镇化,统筹解决人口问题的必然趋势和必然选择。近年来,嘉鱼县正加快统筹城乡发展,全面实施“五个结合”即土地有偿流转与壮大特色农业结合,稳定农民增收；加快产业集聚与发展一区多园结合,拓宽农民就业；激活土地存量与夯实城乡基础结合,加快三个集中；分类开发资源与旅游新县建设结合,就地转化农民；实施土地整治与新农村建设相结合,改善农村环境。强力推进城乡一体化建设,加速人口城镇化进程。本文对嘉鱼县的人口城镇化现状进行了分析,提出了该县人口城镇化的战略选择—城乡一体化,并得出结论：(1)完善城镇基础设施,增强城镇辐射功能,拓展城镇发展空间,促进生产要素向城镇聚集；(2)培育主导产业,扶持特色产业,整合传统产业,依托产业发展实现人口由农村向城市的转移。本研究对于推动嘉鱼县人口城镇化健康稳定发展、化解城乡二元结构、加快转变经济发展方式,具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:Population urbanization is the result of the development of social division of labor in the process of industrialization. It is the process of rural population gathering to towns or urbanization in rural areas. China's population urbanization is the fastest in the world, and is now experiencing the largest scale of farmers in the world to migrate to cities and towns. Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the urbanization rate in China has increased from 17.9% in that year to 49.7% in 2010 (as of November 1, 2010, the total population of mainland China is 1.339 billion, of which the urban population has reached 666 million), an increase of 31.8 percentage points in 30 years. On the one hand, population urbanization has brought huge investment needs in industries such as infrastructure and urban real estate; on the other hand, a large number of rural population transfers and lifestyle changes have also created huge consumption demand. These become the driving force that stimulates our country economy to maintain fast growth. Speeding up the process of urbanization is the most effective way to optimize the urban-rural and regional structure and expand domestic demand. It is also an important content of speeding up the transformation of economic development mode. Before reform and opening up, based on the household registration system, urban and rural areas were divided into dual society. The traditional economic development strategy makes the urbanization of social structure lag behind the industrialization of economic structure. There are great differences in employment, welfare, income level and public service between urban and rural residents. The course of development since the reform is not only the process of correcting the traditional development strategy and increasing the urbanization level compensatively, but also the breaking of the dualistic structure through a series of means, such as market mechanism and development strategy. The process of realizing the integration of social structure. International and domestic urbanization experience shows that in the rapid development of urbanization, we must pay attention to the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, otherwise rapid urbanization will also have a series of adverse consequences. It is under this background that it is necessary to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and break the dual structure of urban and rural areas in China to promote the sustainable development of economy and social harmony and stability. The integration of urban and rural areas is the inevitable trend and the inevitable choice to promote the urbanization of rural population and solve the population problem as a whole. In recent years, Jiayu County is speeding up the overall development of urban and rural areas, comprehensively implementing the "five combinations", that is, land transfer and strengthening characteristic agricultural combination, stabilizing farmers' income, speeding up industrial agglomeration and developing the combination of one area and many parks, and widening farmers' employment. Activate the combination of land stock and ramming the basic urban and rural areas, accelerate the three concentration; combine the classified development of resources with the construction of new tourism counties, transform farmers on the spot; implement the combination of land renovation and new rural construction to improve the rural environment. We will vigorously promote the integration of urban and rural areas and accelerate the process of population urbanization. This paper analyzes the present situation of population urbanization in Jiayu County, and puts forward the strategic choice of population urbanization in Jiayu County, which is the integration of urban and rural areas. The conclusions are as follows: (1) to improve the urban infrastructure, strengthen the radiation function of cities and towns, and expand the development space of cities and towns. (2) cultivating leading industries, supporting characteristic industries, integrating traditional industries, and realizing the transfer of population from rural to urban based on industrial development. This study is of great significance for promoting the healthy and stable development of population urbanization, resolving the dual structure of urban and rural areas, and speeding up the transformation of economic development mode in Jiayu County.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C924.2;F299.27

【参考文献】