新形势下中国地方政府计划生育管理体制研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 05:59

【摘要】：计划生育是我们国家的基本国策之一，其意义不仅仅在于控制人口数量，更在于改善人口结构，提高人口质量，促进人口再生产的优化。自20世纪70年代实行有计划的生育政策以来，我国的人口工作取得了重大的成绩。实现了人口再生产类型由高出生、低死亡、高增长向低出生、低死亡、低增长的历史性转变，使我国13亿人口日推迟4年到来，有效缓解了资源、环境的压力，有力促进了经济发展、社会进步和民生改善，人民群众生活实现了由贫困到温饱再到总体小康的历史性飞跃。这些成绩的取得与政府的努力是分不开的。然而，市场经济的发展，经济社会发生了很大的变化，在新的形势之下，政府面对的人口问题仍然不轻松，这包括本世纪上半叶将迎来总人口、劳动年龄人口、老年人口高峰，人口素质总体不高，出生人口性别比持续偏高等问题。在人口流动迅猛增长的情况下，解决这些问题需要更完善的计划生育管理体制。寻求相应的对策，我们发现地方政府计划生育管理体制还有许多不符合形势要求的地方。党的十六大以来提出以人为本的科学发展观和构建社会主义和谐社会的重大战略思想，为认识和解决人口问题提供了新的视角和思路。2006年，党中央、国务院作出《关于全面加强人口和计划生育工作统筹解决人口问题的决定》，标志着人口和计划生育工作进入稳定低生育水平、统筹解决人口问题、促进人的全面发展的新阶段。在新的形势下，地方政府要转变计生观念，以服务型政府理念为指导，重视服务职能的发挥，并以此为依据对管理体制进行优化整合，为构建和谐社会做出相应的贡献。
[Abstract]:Family planning is one of the basic national policies of our country, and its significance lies not only in controlling the population number, but also in improving the population structure, improving the population quality and promoting the optimization of population reproduction. Since the planned birth policy was carried out in the 1970s, China's population work has made great achievements. The historic transformation of the reproduction type of population from high birth, low death, high growth to low birth, low death and low growth has delayed the arrival of 1.3 billion population days in our country for 4 years and effectively alleviated the pressure on resources and environment. Having been able to promote economic development, social progress and improvement of people's livelihood, the people's life has achieved a historic leap from poverty to food and clothing to overall well-off life. The achievement of these achievements is inseparable from the government's efforts. However, with the development of the market economy, great changes have taken place in the economy and society. Under the new situation, the population problem facing the government is still not easy. This includes the total population, the working-age population, and the elderly population peak in the first half of this century. The overall quality of the population is not high, the sex ratio of the birth population continues to be high, and so on. With the rapid growth of population mobility, a more perfect family planning management system is needed to solve these problems. Seeking corresponding countermeasures, we found that the local government family planning management system has many areas that do not meet the requirements of the situation. Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the scientific development concept of people-oriented and the important strategic thought of building a harmonious socialist society have been put forward, which provides a new perspective and train of thought for understanding and solving the population problem. In 2006, the CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee, The State Council's decision on comprehensively strengthening the work of population and family planning as a whole to solve the population problem marks a new stage in which the work of population and family planning has entered a stable low fertility level, solved the population problem as a whole, and promoted the overall development of people. In the new situation, the local government should change the concept of family planning, take the concept of service-oriented government as the guidance, attach importance to the function of service, and take this as the basis to optimize and integrate the management system so as to make corresponding contributions to the construction of a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C924.21

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