人口分布与交通能耗及相关碳排放研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 10:35

【摘要】：人口分布与交通能耗及其二氧化碳排放是相互影响、相互作用的。基于人口分布特点规划的交通设施有助于降低能源消耗,减少碳排放。因此,探讨人口分布与交通能源之间的关系具有深远的意义。人口分布存在静态与动态两种表现形式。静态人口分布导致了各地交通密度不均,而交通密度又与运输行驶距离紧密相连；动态人口分布导致了交通运输量的波动。行驶距离与运输量分别是交通能耗增长的两大要因。本文将从以上两条逻辑线索出发,量化人口分布与陆路交通能耗及其碳排放之间的联系。本研究的理论意义在于：作为人口学分析的延伸,应用人口分布的理论与方法,探讨交通能耗的影响要素与变化规律。从静态人口到交通密度,从动态人口到运输量,最终影响交通能耗及碳排放。一侧连接着人口、另一侧连接着能源。本文的主要研究成果主要包括：一、从静态和动态两条线索出发,量化人口分布与交通能耗之间的关系；二、根据交通发展与人口分布的协调程度,将32个省级行政区划分为六大区域,分别探讨了各个区域的交通特点；三、核算了2862个县级城市的交通可达性指标,并与人口分布特点比对,总结了分布规律；四、调整并校正了我国交通能耗及其相关二氧化碳排放的核算方法,估算了2008年全国公路与铁路的交通能耗约为21751万吨标煤,排放量约为42101万吨二氧化碳；五、首次计算了上海与各个省份间的运输能耗。以上海为收到端,山西(1.92万吨标煤)、内蒙古(1.64万吨标煤)等主要产煤省的铁路运输能耗最大；以上海为发出端,路途较远的新疆(2.13万吨标煤)、四川(1.87万吨标煤)等地的运输能耗最大。
[Abstract]:Population distribution and energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions are interacted and interacted. Transportation facilities based on population distribution can help reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between population distribution and transportation energy. There are two forms of population distribution: static and dynamic. The static population distribution leads to the uneven traffic density, which is closely related to the transportation distance, and the dynamic population distribution leads to the fluctuation of the traffic volume. Travel distance and traffic volume are the two main reasons for the increase of traffic energy consumption. Based on the above two logical clues, this paper will quantify the relationship between population distribution and land transportation energy consumption and carbon emissions. The theoretical significance of this study lies in: as an extension of demographic analysis, the theory and method of population distribution are applied to discuss the influencing factors and changing laws of traffic energy consumption. From static population to traffic density, from dynamic population to transport volume, it will ultimately affect energy consumption and carbon emissions. One side connects the population, the other connects the energy. The main research results of this paper are as follows: first, quantifying the relationship between population distribution and traffic energy consumption from two clues: static and dynamic; Secondly, according to the coordination degree between traffic development and population distribution, 32 provincial administrative regions are divided into six regions, and the traffic characteristics of each region are discussed respectively. Thirdly, the traffic accessibility index of 2862 county-level cities is calculated and compared with the characteristics of population distribution, and the distribution law is summarized. Fourth, adjusted and corrected the accounting method of transportation energy consumption and related carbon dioxide emissions in China, estimated that the energy consumption of road and railway transportation in 2008 was about 217.51 million tons of standard coal, and the emission was about 421.01 million tons of carbon dioxide; Fifth, the transportation energy consumption between Shanghai and each province is calculated for the first time. Shanghai as the receiving end, Shanxi (19200 tons of standard coal), Inner Mongolia (16400 tons of standard coal) and other major coal-producing provinces of railway transport energy consumption is the largest; The transportation energy consumption of Xinjiang (21300 tons of standard coal) and Sichuan (18700 tons of standard coal), which is far from Shanghai, is the largest.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C924.2;F512;F205

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