河北省邯郸、邢台地区农民生育意愿和行为调查研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 10:15

【摘要】：本文通过对邯邢地区农村人口生育行为和生育意愿的调查发现:在较为严厉的“一孩半”生育政策下,该地区总体样本平均生育子女数为1.83个,基本以生育二孩为主;总体样本平均意愿生育子女数为2.04,意愿生育子女数为两个孩子和“儿女双全”构成了当前邯邢地区农村人口生育意愿的主体。仍然存在较为强烈的性别偏好,这和当地牢固的传统生育文化和生育观念密不可分,是社会因素主导的社会风气影响下的结果。但社会经济发展水平对生育行为的影响正在变得越来越重要,它和政策因素一起作用于社会因素,约束和引导当地人的生育行为和生育意愿,逐渐达到了一种平衡:邯邢地区农村人口生育行为更加“现代化”,并不是盲目地追求生育数量,“多子多福”“儿孙满堂”以及单纯地以增加劳动力为主的生育目的已经渐渐淡出了人们的生育观念,人们的目光已经开始从只注重孩子的数量向性别平衡转移。调查中得知,政策因素和经济因素在满足了传统生育观念所决定的人们的生育需求后才逐渐起作用。生育政策的作用程度逐渐减弱,经济因素的作用将越来越重要,当地农村人口的生育观念已有相当转变。渐进的逐步调整为“二孩”生育政策,更为符合现阶段人们的生育现实要求,能够降低计生工作的执行成本,加速把人们从只注重生育数量的意识中解放出来,将更多的精力投向重视性别平衡。邯邢地区现实情况表明适时地实施“二孩”生育政策,不仅不会引起大幅度的人口反弹,更有利于改善计生工作的执行环境和改变现阶段性别比偏高的局面。
[Abstract]:Through the investigation of the fertility behavior and the fertility intention of the rural population in Hanxing area, it is found that under the strict policy of "one and a half children", the average number of children in the total sample in this area is 1.83, basically giving birth to two children; The average number of willing children in the total sample is 2.04, the number of willing children is two children and the number of children is "both children and children", which constitutes the main body of the present rural population's fertility intention in Hanxing area. There is still a strong gender preference, which is closely related to the local traditional fertility culture and concept, and is the result of the social atmosphere dominated by social factors. But the impact of the level of social and economic development on reproductive behaviour is becoming increasingly important, acting together with policy factors on social factors that constrain and guide the fertility behaviour and willingness of the local population, Gradually reached a balance: Hanxing rural population fertility behavior is more "modern", is not blind pursuit of fertility, "more children and more happiness" and "children and grandchildren" and simply to increase the labor force for the purpose of fertility has gradually faded out of the concept of fertility, people have begun to focus on the number of children to the gender balance shift. The survey shows that policy factors and economic factors play an important role in meeting the reproductive needs of people determined by traditional conception of fertility. The role of fertility policy has gradually weakened, the role of economic factors will become more and more important, and the fertility concept of the local rural population has changed considerably. The gradual and gradual adjustment to the "two-child" fertility policy is more in line with the current demands of people's fertility reality, can reduce the cost of implementing family planning work, and accelerate the emancipation of people from the consciousness of paying attention only to the number of children. More attention will be devoted to gender balance. The actual situation in Hanxing area shows that the implementation of the "two-child" reproductive policy in good time will not cause a large population rebound, but will be more conducive to improving the execution environment of family planning and changing the situation of high sex ratio at the present stage.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C924.21

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