民族主义语境下的近代中日学术交流研究（1900-1930）

发布时间：2018-01-27 23:49

本文关键词： 日本汉学疑古思想文明史观 “新史学”革命古史辨运动中日学术交流　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：甲午战争之后的近20年的时间里,中日知识界的文化价值开始乾坤逆转,在传统价值观由崩溃走向虚无之后国内开始出现“崇日”情结,的其主要的表现是大规模的赴日留学活动开始增多,许多被日本翻译、创造的新式“汉语”,被中国学者接受,并传回中国。许多流亡海外的维新派、革命党人都是受此风潮的影响。如20世纪初,梁启超在日本受到福泽谕吉的“文明观”影响而宣传的“新史学”革命;20年代初在新文化运动背景下开展起来的的古史辨运动,都是受到日式词汇的影响,在日式的学术语境下产生的。这期间是中国现代学术由发展走向成熟的过程。随着30年代开始,中日关系的迅速恶化,中国的民族危机不断加深。中国的学人已经在30年的时间里走向成熟,并摆脱唯日本马首是瞻的学术状态,开始结合本国的现实状况,重新构建本国的历史学和民族学工作。日本的近代中国学的一个重要任务就是在“脱亚”思想的背景下“去中国化”。这起源于江户时期出现的民族主义情绪。经过江户时期对朱子学的批判与改造,日本汉学在近代找通过西方科学观念找到其去“中国化”的有力武器,即“文明史观”和“兰克史学”。以此为利器,福泽谕吉将中国看成是落后、野蛮、停滞的文化过渡,避之尤恐不及。而白鸟库吉则从兰克史学的方法论出发,对中国古史产生怀疑,提出“尧舜禹抹杀论”,意在缩短中国的历史。在学术的背后更有其为日本侵略服务的潜意识,更是自民族主义文化膨胀的结果。近代日本学者对中国文化的贬低和责难,其背后的目的还是对过去千年时间里要摆脱“东夷”身份的一种夙愿。在近代借以东西方两大秩序体制的双向利用,而达到其构建日式的“大东亚新秩序”的目标。日本中国学者便在此担当如何在传统文化与近代文明间找到一个对接点,让日本成为近代领导东亚世界的“盟主”。
[Abstract]:In the nearly 20 years after the Sino-Japanese War, the cultural value of Chinese and Japanese intellectuals began to reverse, and after the collapse of traditional values to nothingness, there began to appear the complex of "worshipping Japan" in China. Its main manifestation is the large-scale study abroad activities began to increase, many by Japanese translation, the creation of the new "Chinese", was accepted by Chinese scholars, and sent back to China. Many reformists in exile overseas. The revolutionaries were all influenced by this trend. In 20th century, Liang Qichao was influenced by FukuzawaYukichi's "concept of civilization" and propagated the revolution of "new historiography" in Japan. In 20s, in the context of the New Culture Movement, the ancient history debate movement was influenced by Japanese vocabulary. This period is the process of modern Chinese academic development to maturity. With the beginning of 30s, Sino-Japanese relations have deteriorated rapidly. China's national crisis is deepening. Chinese scholars have matured in the past 30 years, and have begun to combine the reality of their country with the academic state of following Japan's lead. Reconstructing the History and Ethnology of Japan. One of the important tasks of modern Chinese studies in Japan is to remove China from China under the background of the thought of "defecting from Asia". This originates from the nationalism in the Edo period. Through the critique and transformation of Zhu Zi's studies in the Edo period. In modern times, Japanese Sinology found its powerful weapon of "Sinicization" through western scientific concepts, namely, "Historical View of Civilization" and "Rank historiography". As a sharp weapon, FukuzawaYukichi regarded China as backwardness and barbarism. The stagnation of the cultural transition, but Baiyao Kuji, based on the methodology of Lanke historiography, doubts about the ancient history of China, put forward the "Yao Shun Yu obliterated theory." It is intended to shorten the history of China. Behind the academic, there is more subconscious to serve Japanese aggression, and it is the result of the expansion of nationalist culture. The modern Japanese scholars belittled and criticized Chinese culture. The purpose behind it is still a long-cherished wish to get rid of the "Dongyi" identity in the past thousand years, and to make use of the two major order systems of the East and the West in modern times. To achieve its goal of building a Japanese-style "New order of Great East Asia", Japanese Chinese scholars are responsible for finding a docking point between traditional culture and modern civilization. Let Japan become the leader of the East Asian world in modern times.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K091

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