冷战下中西史家的首次接触:1955年莱顿汉学会议试探

发布时间：2018-05-13 09:34

本文选题：翦伯赞 + 周一良　；参考：《文史哲》2015年01期

【摘要】：1955年在荷兰莱顿召开了第八次西欧青年汉学家会议,新中国应邀派出翦伯赞、周一良两先生参加。这是冷战开始之后,新中国史学工作者第一次与西方学者直接接触。翦伯赞不仅与秦瑞、谢诺等西欧共产主义学者在会上进行了交流,也对牟复礼等与会的美国学者表现得比较友好。会议着重讨论了中国历史分期问题、中国的学术自由问题、中国的人口问题、中国历史由谁来书写等问题。中国学者主张用马克思主义历史唯物论对中国历史进行分期,费正清认为中国存在着潜在的人口问题。西方学者在会议期间的讨论中也提出了一些带有政治色彩的争论,他们批评中国存在学术不自由的问题,并担心马列学者可能会将在历史上起过较大作用的胡适等人排除在中国历史书写对象之外。翦伯赞和周一良显然对这些问题主要站在政策性立场上进行了坚决反击。揭示莱顿汉学会议作为冷战后东西方学者第一次实际接触的重要性,可以为了解冷战学术史上政治和学术之间相互影响的丰富性和复杂性提供一个鲜明的个案研究。
[Abstract]:In 1955, the eighth Conference of Western European Young Sinologists was held in Leiden, the Netherlands. New China was invited to send Jian Bozan and Mr. Zhou Yiliang to attend. This was the first time since the Cold War that New China's historians were in direct contact with Western scholars. Jian Bozan not only exchanged views with Western European communist scholars such as Qin Rui, Sheno, etc., but also showed friendship to American scholars such as Mou Fu-li. The meeting focused on issues such as the division of Chinese history, China's academic freedom, China's population, and who wrote Chinese history. Chinese scholars advocate the division of Chinese history with Marxist historical materialism, and John King Fairbank believes that China has a potential population problem. Western scholars have also raised some politically charged arguments during their discussions at the conference, criticizing China for its lack of academic freedom. It is also feared that Marxism-Leninists may exclude Hu Shi and others, who have played an important role in history, from the writing of Chinese history. Jian Bozan and Zhou Yiliang apparently fought back against these issues from a policy standpoint. To reveal the importance of Leiden Sinology Conference as the first practical contact between Eastern and Western scholars after the Cold War can provide a clear case study for understanding the richness and complexity of the interaction between politics and academics in the academic history of the Cold War.
【作者单位】：美国亚利桑那州立大学历史哲学宗教学院;美国亚利桑那州立大学国际语言文化学院;
【分类号】：K09

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