近代俄国的历史观念与国族意识——以历史学家米留可夫为例

发布时间：2018-07-01 16:05

本文选题：米留可夫 + 俄国知识分子　；参考：《史学史研究》2011年03期

【摘要】：俄罗斯随历史发展成为领土辽阔的庞大国家。随时间与空间的延续,生活在其中的人竟然无法就国族文化得到共识。十九世纪的知识阶层独立于政权之外展开社会自发的国族论述。从早期斯拉夫派与西方派的国族本质辩论,到革命前政治意识型态之争,国家历史是知识分子最重要论述依据。历史学家应能发挥专业长才,贡献于审视国族文化,却又往往被视为与知识阶层隔绝。本文以莫斯科学派的米留可夫为例,探究历史学家的国族观念。米留可夫无法认同长期受浪漫主义唯心哲学主导的俄国社会思想,主张经验历史的重要,如此才能建立正确的历史知识,找到真正的国族文化。他希望用客观的方法替代过去以人类精神为主体的理论架构,因此为俄国历史学和国族论述添上了新的一页。
[Abstract]:Along with history, Russia has become a vast and vast country. With the extension of time and space, people living in it can not reach consensus on national culture. The intellectual class of the 19 th century, independent of the regime, launched a spontaneous discussion of the nation. National history is the most important basis for intellectuals from the debate on the essence of the nation between the Slavic school and the western school in the early period to the debate on the pattern of political consciousness before the revolution. Historians should be able to use their expertise and contribute to the examination of national culture, often seen as isolated from the intellectual class. Taking Milukov of Moscow School as an example, this paper explores historians' national concept. Milukov could not identify with the Russian social thought which had been dominated by romantic idealistic philosophy for a long time and advocated the importance of experience history so that he could establish correct historical knowledge and find out the real national culture. He hopes to replace the theoretical framework of human spirit with objective method, thus adding a new page to Russian history and national discourse.
【作者单位】：台湾交通大学通识教育中心与人社系;
【分类号】：K095.12

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