现代科学观视域下的清学研究及其方法论得失——以新考据派史家胡适、傅斯年为中心

发布时间：2019-02-28 11:31

【摘要】：胡适、傅斯年从进化史观角度,以近现代科学方法论和史学观为依据对清代学术做了较为全面的研究。胡适认为,清学是对宋学科学方法论的发扬,两者是一脉相承的;清代朴学最具科学精神,但与西方科学相比则存在很大不足。傅斯年主张,清代学问是历代学问中最可信和最有条理的;近代中国史学盛于清代。他们着力发掘清学中的科学精神和方法论意义,以之作为中国学术现代转型的传统资源,体现了工具理性的价值观,为中国现代学术建构做出了重要贡献。然而,他们否认中国传统学术道德理性的价值及其对中国现代学术建构的意义,是一种唯科学主义和西方文化中心论,存在一定的理论缺陷,探讨其学术方法论的得失对中国当代学术发展有着重要启示。
[Abstract]:Hu Shi and Fu Sinian from the perspective of evolutionary history, based on the modern scientific methodology and the view of history, made a more comprehensive study of the Qing Dynasty academic. Hu Shi believes that the Qing school is the development of the science methodology of the Song Dynasty, the two are in the same line; the Qing Dynasty simple learning is the most scientific spirit, but compared with the Western science, there is a lot of deficiencies. Fu Sinian argued that the knowledge of Qing Dynasty was the most credible and organized of all dynasties, and modern Chinese historiography flourished in Qing Dynasty. They made great efforts to explore the scientific spirit and methodological significance in Qing Dynasty as a traditional resource of the transformation of Chinese academic modernization and reflected the values of instrumental rationality and made an important contribution to the construction of modern Chinese academic. However, they deny the value of Chinese traditional academic moral rationality and its significance to Chinese modern academic construction, which is a kind of scientism and western culture-centered theory, and has some theoretical defects. Discussing its academic methodology's gain and loss has important enlightenment to Chinese contemporary academic development.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学人文学院历史系;

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