孙中山文化思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 02:38

本文关键词： 孙中山文化思想中国传统文化西方文化　出处：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：孙中山是近代中国历史上的伟大人物，，他生活在一个中西文化急剧交融、碰撞的时代。帝国主义列强在大肆侵略和瓜分中国的同时,也带来了西方文化对中国传统文化的冲击，中国面临一个文化选择和重新整合的问题。因此,如何认识和处理中西方文化的关系,是当时社会面临的一个大问题。孙中山文化思想主要是对中国传统文化、近代西方文化以及近代中国文化出路的理解与思考。孙中山一方面看到了中国传统文化的成就和辉煌，比较准确的把握了中国传统文化在世界文化发展史上的地位；另一方面也认识到了中国传统文化的缺陷和不足，较为科学的说明了中国近代文化落伍于世界的原因。总起来说，他对中国传统文化的总体评价是恰当的、客观的。在对中国传统文化做出总体估价的基础上，孙中山提出了对待中国传统文化的基本态度：“能用古人而不为古人所惑，能役古人而不为古人所奴”，即对中国传统文化既要继承与借鉴，也要批判和改造。孙中山长期生活在西方，对西方文化有着直接感受和较为深入的研究。从西方的启蒙思潮到科学技术，孙中山都看到了西方文化的先进特性，是抱着肯定和学习的态度研读的。孙中山不是西方文化的盲目学习者，在看到其优点和长处的同时，也对弊端和缺点进行了揭露和批判。孙中山认为学习西方文化应该遵循以下几点原则：依据国情来借鉴与学习西方文化；选择最先进的文化来借鉴与学习；重视专门人才。融合中西，创造一种中西文化交融、互补的新型文化，是孙中山文化思想的基本思路。这种文化形式不同于“中体西用”或“西体中用”的文化组合。为此，交融互补，你中有我，我中有你的文化模式的确立，为中国未来文化的发展指明了方向。孙中山的文化思想对后世影响颇大，是毛泽东文化思想的重要来源之一。孙中山文化思想的研究对今天的社会主义文化建设仍具有重要的当代价值和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Sun Zhongshan is a great figure in the history of modern China. He lives in an era when Chinese and Western cultures merge rapidly and collide. The imperialist powers are invading and carving up China at the same time. It also brings about the impact of western culture on Chinese traditional culture. China is faced with a problem of cultural choice and re-integration. Therefore, how to understand and deal with the relationship between Chinese and Western culture. It was a big problem for society at that time. Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought is mainly to understand and think about the outlet of Chinese traditional culture, modern western culture and modern Chinese culture. On the one hand, Sun Zhongshan saw the achievement and brilliance of Chinese traditional culture. Accurately grasp the status of Chinese traditional culture in the history of world culture development; On the other hand, it also recognizes the defects and shortcomings of Chinese traditional culture, and scientifically explains the reasons why Chinese modern culture is lagging behind the world. Generally speaking, his overall evaluation of Chinese traditional culture is appropriate. Objectively. On the basis of the overall evaluation of Chinese traditional culture, Sun Zhongshan put forward a basic attitude towards Chinese traditional culture: "can use the ancients without being confused by the ancients, can serve the ancients without being slaves by the ancients". Sun Zhongshan lived in the West for a long time and had a direct feeling and a deeper study of Western culture, from the enlightenment trend of thought to science and technology in the West. Sun Zhongshan has seen the advanced characteristics of western culture and studied it with the attitude of affirmation and study. Sun Zhongshan is not a blind learner of western culture, and at the same time sees its advantages and strengths. Sun Zhongshan believes that learning western culture should follow the following principles: learn from and learn from western culture according to national conditions; Choose the most advanced culture to learn from; Pay attention to the specialized talents, integrate Chinese and Western cultures, and create a new type of culture that blends Chinese and Western cultures and complements each other. It is the basic thought of Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought. This cultural form is different from the cultural combination of "the Chinese body and the west" or "the western body". For the future development of Chinese culture pointed out the direction. Sun Yat-sen 's cultural thought has a great influence on later generations. As one of the important sources of Mao Zedong's cultural thought, the study of Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought still has important contemporary value and reference significance for the socialist cultural construction today.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G0

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