梅里雪山国家公园分区管理有效性评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 16:10

  本文选题：分区管理 + 有效性评价　； 参考：《云南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：国家公园是国际上通行的对本国珍贵的、独特的自然资源和文化资源进行有效保护和利用的一种模式,在一百多年的实践过程中,全球已有一百多个国家设立了多达1200处国家公园,国家公园是被实践证明了的能有效平衡保护和开发这一矛盾的保护地模式。党的十八届三中全会明确提出建立国家公园体制,云南省于1998年开始探索国家公园这一新型保护地模式,2008年,国家林业局正式批准云南省为首个国家公园建设试点省,经过十多年的探索实践,目前云南省已建成普达措、梅里雪山、西双版纳等8个国家公园,成为全国首家初步建立国家公园体制的省份。 梅里雪山地处“三江并流”世界自然遗产的核心腹地,具有世界意义的珍贵资源和景观,云南省各级政府对于梅里雪山特殊的资源价值和地位有着一致性认识,并致力于推动梅里雪山国家公园的开发和建设。 分区是实施规划和实现管理目标的基本工具和手段。保护地分区管理是国际上普遍采取的管理方式,有利于有效保护资源和环境、发挥保护地的多种功能；分区管理有效性评价是掌握保护地重要资源是否得到有效保护与管理的重要途径,有利于掌握各个分区管理的现状,发现分区管理中存在的问题,及时采取针对性的措施改进管理,促进保护地管理质量和水平的提升。 本文以梅里雪山国家公园为研究对象,综合运用文献分析、实地问卷调查、专家咨询法等方法构建分区管理有效性评价理论框架和指标体系,设计4个分区的管理有效性定量计算公式,更加精确地分别计算4个分区的管理有效性综合得分,根据各分区管理中存在的问题提出更有针对性的分区管理建议及措施。研究结果表明,4个分区管理有效性评价的综合得分为：严格保护区(Ⅰ区)75.68分,生态保育区(Ⅱ区)83.94分,游憩展示区(Ⅲ区)71.42分,一般管制区(Ⅳ区)65.27分(其中公园服务亚区42.43分,传统利用亚区22.84分)。严格保护区、生态保育区管理有效性为良好,游憩展示区、一般管制区管理有效性为一般,其中,一般管制区综合得分最低,反映出梅里雪山国家公园游憩服务设施落后、管理服务水平有待提高等问题,并提出了针对性的管理对策。本研究虽然在研究方法、评价指标体系构建等方面还有待改善,但对梅里雪山国家公园改善分区管理、提高管理服务水平、制定可持续发展的策略等方面具有较大的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The national park is an internationally popular model for the effective protection and utilization of the country's precious and unique natural and cultural resources. In the course of more than one hundred years of practice, As many as 1200 national parks have been set up in more than 100 countries in the world. National parks have been proved to be an effective way to balance the protection and development of this contradiction. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee explicitly proposed the establishment of a national park system. In 1998, Yunnan Province began to explore the new protected land model of national parks. In 2008, the State Forestry Administration officially approved Yunnan Province as the first pilot province for the construction of national parks. After more than a decade of exploration and practice, eight national parks, such as Pudaco, Meili Snow Mountain and Xishuangbanna, have been built in Yunnan Province, becoming the first province in the country to initially establish a national park system. Meili Snow Mountain is located in the core hinterland of the "three Rivers and streams" World Natural Heritage. It is a precious resource and landscape of world significance. The governments of Yunnan Province at all levels have a consistent understanding of the special resource value and status of Meili Snow Mountain. And committed to promoting the development and construction of Meili Snow Mountain National Park. Partitioning is the basic tool and means to implement planning and achieve management objectives. The zonal management of protected area is a kind of management method which is widely adopted in the world. It is helpful to protect resources and environment effectively and to play a variety of functions of protected land. The evaluation of the effectiveness of zonal management is an important way to grasp whether important resources in protected areas are effectively protected and managed, which is helpful to grasp the current situation of each district management, and to find out the problems existing in the zonal management. Timely take targeted measures to improve management and promote the quality and level of protected land management. This article takes Meili Snow Mountain National Park as the research object, synthetically uses the literature analysis, the field questionnaire survey, the expert consultation method and so on the method constructs the zonal management validity appraisal theory frame and the index system. The quantitative calculation formula of management effectiveness of four districts is designed, and the comprehensive scores of management effectiveness of four districts are calculated more accurately, and more targeted suggestions and measures are put forward according to the problems existing in the management of each partition. The results showed that the comprehensive scores of the evaluation of the management effectiveness of the four zones were as follows: 75.68 points of strict protected area (area 鈪，

本文编号：2018093