文化安全背景下的我国软实力建设研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 20:10

本文选题：文化安全 + 软实力　；参考：《广西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战后,全球化浪潮的兴起,增强了国家间互补性、关联性和依赖性。全球经济一体化和区域经济一体化是全球化的集中体现。然而,全球化不仅是经济领域的问题,而且还广泛地涉及到政治、社会以及文化等多个领域,国际竞争的范畴也不仅停留在经济和军事等领域,而且还扩展到文化等过去无法想象的领域。因此,国家安全问题也从传统的军事安全、政治安全等领域“外溢”到社会、经济、文化安全等非传统安全领域。再者,以上世纪70年代布雷顿森林体系的崩溃为标志,美国逐渐呈现衰落的发展态势。虽然苏联的突然毁灭,冷战后“一超多强”的国际格局并不预示美国“复兴”到二战后的超强地位。由于国际权力是一常量,决定了国家间的权力之争是一场零和游戏,因此,随着中国、俄罗斯等大国的崛起,加快了美国迈入“衰落”的快车道。不过,全球化浪潮、地区大国的崛起、国际权力的转移等因素带给美国企图建立“单极霸权”的诸多障碍。然而,美国依然表现出强烈地领导世界的意愿,维护其霸权地位自二战以来一直是美国的“天定命运”。于是,冷战后在美国政治学界兴起研究“软实力”的热潮。“软实力”是相对于领土、人口、经济、军事力量等“硬实力”而言的政治学理论,主要是指一国同化其它国家的权力,主要由文化吸引力、意识形态和国际制度等因素构成。也就是说,以美国为首的西方大国,在硬实力衰落的情势下,积极调整其对外战略,企图运用“软实力”来维护其霸权地位。这些调整的战略即“文化战略”,葛兰西、萨义德等称之为“文化帝国主义”。西方大国的“文化战略”严重威胁到发展中国家的国家安全,严重挑战了这些国家的文化独立性、文化主权等,中国也不例外。因此,在当前西方大国文化战略背景下,我国存在严峻的文化安全问题。文化是国家发展的重要来源,文化软实力是维护国家安全的重要力量,文化安全是国家发展的前提条件,是国家安全的基本保证。国家文化软实力的建设有利于文化安全的保障,文化软实力的建构有利于实现民族文化认同,文化软实力的有利于国际形象的改善。在此背景下,加强我国文化软实力的建设和提升尤为重要。要维护国家的文化安全,必须加强国家软实力的建设,增强国家的综合实力。但是,我国文化创新能力不足,文化产业发展不完善,国家对文化建设的投入力度不足,直接决定了我国的文化软实力远远落后西方大国。因此,加强我国文化创新力,实现传统文化的现代化；大力完善文化产业,提高文化的竞争力,为夯实我国软实力奠定基础,从而也维护我国的文化安全。
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, the rise of globalization has enhanced the complementarity, relevance and dependence among countries. Global economic integration and regional economic integration are the concentrated embodiment of globalization. However, globalization is not only a problem in the economic field, but also involves a wide range of fields, such as politics, society and culture, and the scope of international competition is not confined to the economic and military fields. It also extends to areas that were previously unthinkable, such as culture. Therefore, the problem of national security also from the traditional military security, political security and other fields "spillover" to social, economic, cultural security and other non-traditional security areas. Furthermore, the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s marked the decline of the United States. Despite the sudden destruction of the Soviet Union, the international situation of "one superpower" after the Cold War does not foreshadow the super-power position of the United States after World War II. Because the international power is a constant, it is a zero-sum game to decide the power struggle between the countries. Therefore, with the rise of China, Russia and other big countries, the United States has stepped into the fast lane of "decline". However, the tide of globalization, the rise of regional powers and the transfer of international power have brought many obstacles to the United States' attempts to establish "unipolar hegemony". However, the United States still shows a strong will to lead the world, maintaining its hegemonic position has been America's "destiny" since World War II. Therefore, after the cold war in the American political circles, the rise of the "soft power" upsurge. "soft power" is a political theory relative to "hard power" such as territory, population, economy and military power. It mainly refers to the assimilation of power of one country to other countries and is mainly composed of factors such as cultural attraction, ideology and international system. In other words, under the situation of decline of hard power, the western powers led by the United States actively adjust their foreign strategy and attempt to use "soft power" to maintain their hegemonic position. These adjusting strategies are called "cultural strategy", which Gramsci and said are called "cultural imperialism". The "cultural strategy" of the big Western countries seriously threatens the national security of the developing countries, seriously challenges the cultural independence and cultural sovereignty of these countries, and China is no exception. Therefore, under the background of the cultural strategy of the western great powers, there are serious cultural security problems in our country. Culture is an important source of national development, cultural soft power is an important force to maintain national security, cultural security is a prerequisite for national development, is the basic guarantee of national security. The construction of national cultural soft power is conducive to the protection of cultural security, the construction of cultural soft power is conducive to the realization of national cultural identity, cultural soft power is conducive to the improvement of the international image. In this context, strengthening the construction and promotion of cultural soft power is particularly important. In order to maintain the national cultural security, we must strengthen the construction of national soft power and strengthen the comprehensive strength of the country. However, our country's cultural innovation ability is insufficient, the cultural industry development is not perfect, and the national investment in cultural construction is insufficient, which directly determines that our country's cultural soft power lags far behind the western countries. Therefore, we should strengthen the ability of cultural innovation, realize the modernization of traditional culture, improve the cultural industry and enhance the competitiveness of culture so as to lay a foundation for the consolidation of soft power in our country, and thus to safeguard the cultural security of our country.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G123

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