试论广汉保保节的再建构

发布时间：2018-08-27 12:16

【摘要】：传统节日作为民俗的重要组成部分，是一种“活的”文化，具有长期性并拥有广泛的群众基础。保保节作为广汉重要的民俗节日，是广汉文化的重要载体，同时也承载了广汉人民数百年的情感，在拟亲属关系的建立中独树一帜。在社会学界中，普遍认同将人际关系分为亲属关系、拟亲属关系和非亲属关系三种。亲属关系及其制度可谓是人类史上具有深厚文化底蕴的人际关系系统，一直都是人类学者研究的热点。而拟亲属关系作为亲属关系的人为延伸形式，其形式和种类繁复，其本身也是社会关系的一种重要形式。因为学者对拟亲属关系研究的重视与国家对非遗的保护力度加大，保保节的失落与复兴都深刻影响着广汉本地文化，广汉保保节承载着广汉人民几百年的历史情感，因此对保保节的再建构具有重要的现实意义。本文以广汉当地传统民俗节日保保节为例，解析保保节作为拟亲属关系的重要节日，由口头盟约到柏树下认保保再到如今的保保节，由最初的游百病到拉保保的出现，历经几个世纪，经历了由盛而衰再到重新建构的洗礼，保保节能传承至今是有深厚的历史原因的。本文将以广汉保保节的再建构为主线，全面解析保保节存在的意义，从民俗学、社会学、历史学的研究视角对保保节的传承过程、主要特征和社会文化功能进行全面的分析解读，并深入解析保保节再建构的动因，针对当今保保节存在的问题，为更好的传承与保护保保节，社会道德的制约应该发挥主要作用。本文绪论部分主要阐述选题的目的及意义，对亲属及拟亲属等相关概念作出解释，并对“拟亲属关系”的进行理论回顾和文献梳理，同时交代此选题的研究方法、研究困境、资料来源以及不足之处。正文分为四个部分。第一部分对保保节生成环境——广汉和保保节的核心——拟亲属关系进行概述，了解广汉的时空坐落和民俗文化可以从自然地理环境、文化和历史环境和社会经济和政治环境三个方面着手，充分了解保保节的生成环境，之后介绍拟亲属关系的概念、一般形式和变迁，对本文所述拟亲属关系的范围进行限定，保保节所建立的是义父（母）子（女）的关系。第二部分主要讲述广汉保保节的起源，分为传说故事与由民俗“游百病”演变而来，叙述保保节的发源过程，结合理论与个案研究，阐释保保节四个重要特征——节日性、陌生性、强制性和娱乐性，这也是保保节区别于其他拟亲属关系的特殊之处。第三部分针对广汉保保节的失落与复兴，重点阐析保保节复兴的深层原因，从政府、社会环境、民众心理以及保保节自身所具有的内涵角度思考保保节再建构的必要性，在此建构过程中，十二棵柏树、猪儿帽和为小孩命名这三方面赋予保保节更多的符号意义，正确看待民间社会对小孩的庇护心态以及保关煞这一习俗，家长又是如何通过这一仪式建立孩子与社会的关联，阐释这三方面在重建保保节中的意义，深入探析保保节的再建构过程，分析重建保保节的多重影响。第四部分主要内容是结合保保节和当今社会人际关系，反思当今保保节的一些问题，如今熟人与陌生人共存于保保节，对其重建有一定的必要性，而保保节带来的一些负面影响阻碍了节日的健康发展，提高民众素质是改变此问题的重要途径，而社会道德的制约也必不可少。保保节的传承动力孕育于其发展历史之中，而其传承的核心却呈现在其特殊的内容与仪式之上。本文将通过对保保节的深层发掘，还原人们真实的心理愿望，并反思当今人际关系存在的问题，以期引起人们的注意，，加强人们对自己生活空间的责任感与使命感。
[Abstract]:As an important part of folklore, traditional festivals are a kind of "living" culture with a long-term nature and a broad mass base. Baobao Festival, as an important folk festival in Guanghan, is an important carrier of the culture of Guanghan. It also carries the emotions of the people of Guanghan for hundreds of years. It is unique in the establishment of kinship. It is generally accepted that interpersonal relationship is divided into kinship, quasi-kinship and non-kinship. Kinship and its system can be said to be the interpersonal relationship system with profound cultural background in human history, and has always been a hot research topic of anthropologists. The loss and revival of Baobao Festival have a profound impact on the local culture of Guanghan. The Baobao Festival in Guanghan bears the historical feelings of the people of Guanghan for hundreds of years. Therefore, the reconstruction of Baobao Festival is necessary. It has important practical significance.
Taking Baobao Festival as an example, this paper analyzes Baobao Festival as an important festival of kinship, from the oral covenant to the protection under cypress tree to the present Baobao Festival, from the beginning of the disease to the emergence of Labaobao, after several centuries, experienced the baptism from prosperity and decline to re-construction, to protect energy conservation and inheritance. This paper will take the rebuilding of Baobao Festival in Guanghan as the main line, comprehensively analyze the significance of Baobao Festival, and comprehensively analyze the inheritance process, main characteristics and social and cultural functions of Baobao Festival from the perspective of folklore, sociology and history, and deeply analyze the rebuilding of Baobao Festival. In order to better inherit and protect the festival, the restriction of social morality should play a major role. The introduction part of this paper mainly expounds the purpose and significance of the topic, explains the related concepts of relatives and pseudo-relatives, and reviews the theory of "pseudo-relatives" and combs the literature. Explain the research methods, research difficulties, data sources and shortcomings of this topic.
The text is divided into four parts.
The first part summarizes the generation environment of Baobao Festival-the core of Guanghan and Baobao Festival-the pseudo-kinship relationship. Understanding the space-time location and folk culture of Guanghan can start from three aspects: physical and geographical environment, cultural and historical environment, socio-economic and political environment, fully understand the generation environment of Baobao Festival, and then introduce the pseudo-kinship. The concept, general form and change of kinship are defined in this paper. Baobao Festival establishes the relationship between father (mother) and son (daughter).
The second part mainly tells the origin of Bao Festival in Guang Han Dynasty. It is divided into legend and folk custom. It tells the origin of Bao Festival. Combined with theory and case study, it explains the four important characteristics of Bao Festival: festivity, strangeness, compulsion and entertainment. This is also the difference between Bao Festival and other intended relatives. Peculiarity.
The third part, aiming at the loss and revival of Bao Bao festival in Guanghan, focuses on the deep reasons for the revival of Bao Bao Festival. From the perspective of the government, the social environment, the public psychology and the connotation of Bao Bao Festival, the necessity of rebuilding the Bao * Festival is discussed. In the process of construction, twelve cypress trees, pig hats and children's naming are given three aspects. More symbolic significance of Baobao Festival, a correct view of the civil society's attitude to children's shelter and the custom of guarding against customs, and how parents establish the relationship between children and society through this ceremony, explain the significance of these three aspects in rebuilding Baobao Festival, in-depth explore the rebuilding process of Baobao Festival, and analyze the multiple impact of rebuilding Baobao Festival.
The fourth part is to reflect on some problems of Baobao Festival in the light of Baobao Festival and the interpersonal relationship in today's society. Nowadays, acquaintances and strangers coexist in Baobao Festival. It is necessary to rebuild the festival. Some negative effects of Baobao Festival hinder the healthy development of the festival. Improving people's quality is an important way to change this problem. The way of social morality is also essential.
The inheritance motive of Baobao Festival is gestated in its development history, but the core of its inheritance is presented in its special content and ceremony.This article will restore people's real psychological desire through the deep excavation of Baobao Festival, and reflect on the existing problems of interpersonal relationship, with a view to arousing people's attention and strengthening people's own lives. The sense of responsibility and mission in space.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K892.1

【参考文献】