建国以来中西思想文化交流交融交锋研究
发布时间：2018-12-06 11:24
【摘要】：文化泛指人类创造的一切物质产品和精神产品的总和，分为器物文化、制度文化和思想文化三个层次。思想文化是文化中的最高层次，以精神状态存在，包括世界观、人生观、价值观和方法论。西方思想文化外向、活跃，强调个人自由，渴望自我超越。中国思想文化内敛、稳重，强调集体主义，重视道德伦理，中国和西方思想文化的特点截然不同。 中西间的文化交往开始的很早，最早可以追溯到汉代，丝绸之路是中西文化交往的最好鉴证。近代以来，鸦片战争打开了中国的大门，中国被迫对外开放，西方思想文化涌入中国，传统文化受到冲击。先进知识分子号召向西方学习，师夷长技以自强。洋务运动、维新变法、新文化运动不断展开，中西思想文化在近代不断碰撞融合。 建国初期，由于意识形态差异和冲突，，中西思想文化交流交融很少，交锋十分激烈。1978年十一届三中全会以后，中国进行了改革开放，对外交往的大门打开，中国开始学习西方思想文化，中西思想文化交流交融不断升温。80年代末，由于受到西方社会思潮的影响，中国发生了严重的社会动乱，中西思想文化交流交融受到很大影响，交锋再次活跃。进入新世纪，中西思想文化交流交融交锋出现新特征。经济的快速发展促使中国思想文化影响力不断提高，“西强我弱”的局面开始扭转，中国开始承担起促进中西思想文化交流交融的重任。 在中西思想文化交流交融交锋中，中国暴露出很多的问题。在学习西方的同时，我们缺乏对中国思想文化的保护，缺乏国际话语权的有力支持，这使得中国思想文化发展受到威胁。同时，中国思想文化发展缺乏创新，在同西方思想文化的竞争中处于劣势。因此，我们必须要重视意识形态安全，促进传统文化发展，努力争取国际话语权，加强思想文化创新，提高国家文化软实力，促进中国思想文化的不断发展。 从中西思想文化交流交融交锋的历史过程看，交流交融是文化发展的必然之势，是中西思想文化关系未来的主要走向，符合思想文化发展规律。但是，由于社会制度的差异和国家利益的冲突，中西思想文化交锋不可避免，并将长期存在。我们在不断促进中西思想文化交流交融的同时，必须要更好地解决存在的问题，做好充分的准备，以应对西方思想文化的挑战。
[Abstract]:Culture refers to the sum of all material products and spiritual products created by human beings, which are divided into three levels: instrumental culture, institutional culture and ideological culture. Ideological culture is the highest level of culture and exists in a spiritual state, including world outlook, outlook on life, values and methodology. Western ideology and culture are extroverted, active, emphasizing individual freedom and longing for self-transcendence. Chinese ideology and culture are introverted and stable, emphasizing collectivism and moral ethics. The characteristics of Chinese and western ideology and culture are very different. The cultural exchanges between China and the West began very early and can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. The Silk Road is the best proof of the cultural exchanges between China and the West. Since modern times, the Opium War opened the door of China, China was forced to open to the outside world, western ideology and culture poured into China, the traditional culture was impacted. Advanced intellectuals called for learning from the West and learning from the West. The Westernization Movement, the Reform, the New Culture Movement, and the Chinese and Western thoughts and cultures collided in modern times. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, due to ideological differences and conflicts, the exchange of ideas and cultures between China and the West was rare and fierce. After the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee in 1978, China carried out reform and opening up and opened the door to foreign exchanges. China began to study Western ideology and culture, and the exchange of ideas and cultures between China and the West increased continuously. At the end of the 1980s, due to the influence of western social trends of thought, serious social unrest occurred in China, and the blend of Chinese and Western ideological and cultural exchanges was greatly affected. The exchange was alive again. In the new century, new features appear in the exchange of Chinese and Western thoughts and culture. With the rapid development of economy, the influence of Chinese ideology and culture is constantly improving, the situation of "strengthening the west is stronger than that of the weak", and China has begun to take on the responsibility of promoting the exchange of Chinese and Western thoughts and culture. In the exchange of Chinese and Western ideology and culture, China exposed a lot of problems. While learning from the West, we lack the protection of Chinese ideology and culture and the support of international discourse power, which threatens the development of Chinese ideology and culture. At the same time, China's ideological and cultural development lacks innovation and is at a disadvantage in competition with western ideology and culture. Therefore, we must attach importance to ideological security, promote the development of traditional culture, strive for the right of international discourse, strengthen the innovation of ideology and culture, improve the soft power of national culture, and promote the continuous development of Chinese ideology and culture. From the historical process of the blending of Chinese and Western ideological and cultural exchanges, communication and blending is the inevitable trend of cultural development, the main trend of the future relationship between Chinese and Western ideological and cultural relations, and conforms to the law of ideological and cultural development. However, due to the difference of social system and the conflict of national interests, the ideological and cultural confrontation between China and the West is inevitable and will exist for a long time. At the same time, we must solve the existing problems better and make adequate preparations to meet the challenge of western ideology and culture.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G115
本文编号：2365952
[Abstract]:Culture refers to the sum of all material products and spiritual products created by human beings, which are divided into three levels: instrumental culture, institutional culture and ideological culture. Ideological culture is the highest level of culture and exists in a spiritual state, including world outlook, outlook on life, values and methodology. Western ideology and culture are extroverted, active, emphasizing individual freedom and longing for self-transcendence. Chinese ideology and culture are introverted and stable, emphasizing collectivism and moral ethics. The characteristics of Chinese and western ideology and culture are very different. The cultural exchanges between China and the West began very early and can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. The Silk Road is the best proof of the cultural exchanges between China and the West. Since modern times, the Opium War opened the door of China, China was forced to open to the outside world, western ideology and culture poured into China, the traditional culture was impacted. Advanced intellectuals called for learning from the West and learning from the West. The Westernization Movement, the Reform, the New Culture Movement, and the Chinese and Western thoughts and cultures collided in modern times. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, due to ideological differences and conflicts, the exchange of ideas and cultures between China and the West was rare and fierce. After the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee in 1978, China carried out reform and opening up and opened the door to foreign exchanges. China began to study Western ideology and culture, and the exchange of ideas and cultures between China and the West increased continuously. At the end of the 1980s, due to the influence of western social trends of thought, serious social unrest occurred in China, and the blend of Chinese and Western ideological and cultural exchanges was greatly affected. The exchange was alive again. In the new century, new features appear in the exchange of Chinese and Western thoughts and culture. With the rapid development of economy, the influence of Chinese ideology and culture is constantly improving, the situation of "strengthening the west is stronger than that of the weak", and China has begun to take on the responsibility of promoting the exchange of Chinese and Western thoughts and culture. In the exchange of Chinese and Western ideology and culture, China exposed a lot of problems. While learning from the West, we lack the protection of Chinese ideology and culture and the support of international discourse power, which threatens the development of Chinese ideology and culture. At the same time, China's ideological and cultural development lacks innovation and is at a disadvantage in competition with western ideology and culture. Therefore, we must attach importance to ideological security, promote the development of traditional culture, strive for the right of international discourse, strengthen the innovation of ideology and culture, improve the soft power of national culture, and promote the continuous development of Chinese ideology and culture. From the historical process of the blending of Chinese and Western ideological and cultural exchanges, communication and blending is the inevitable trend of cultural development, the main trend of the future relationship between Chinese and Western ideological and cultural relations, and conforms to the law of ideological and cultural development. However, due to the difference of social system and the conflict of national interests, the ideological and cultural confrontation between China and the West is inevitable and will exist for a long time. At the same time, we must solve the existing problems better and make adequate preparations to meet the challenge of western ideology and culture.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G115
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