生态批评解读‘梦幻时代’与‘大扎撒’所蕴含的古老智慧

发布时间：2018-12-10 11:49

【摘要】：正如美国著名生态思想家彼得·科茨所说：“文化理论坚信,环境的威胁是社会造成的,只能从文化的范畴来解释。”生态批评的使命是重审人类文化,进行文化批判,解释生态危机的思想文化根源。生态批评研究以多种途径研究文化与生态的关系,其中一些古老民族在其悠久的历史中所形成的古老智慧与生态知识对解决生态危机的启发逐渐受到人们的广泛关注。作为澳大利亚土著人永恒不变的文化遗的‘梦幻时代’记载于人类学与历史学文献中,它蕴含着土著人文化意识形态中传统的环保意识与文化实践。在‘梦幻时代’中土著人以生活中的故事,艺术,仪式和歌舞表演的方式代代传承着他们的古老智慧从而数千年来与自然环境和谐共处。同样,被视为蒙古民族社会文化精髓的‘大扎撒’,其散落于众多史料中,它凝聚了蒙古族对自然环境的独特认识,并以仪式,自然物的祭祀习俗,禁忌,图腾等形式体现,并且规约着蒙古民族在生活中践行与自然和谐共处的生态文化意识。人们对生态文化研究成果已经表明：古老民族所传承的传统文化意识与活动对于我们现代人如何去维持整个生态系统的健康发展具有一定的启迪和指导作用。因此,本篇论文以澳洲土著民族的‘梦幻时代’和蒙古民族的‘大札撒’为研究对象,试图运用生态文化批评理论来解读分析蕴含在这两部古老文献中的古老智慧,从而说明这两大古老民族在与自然长期和谐相处中不仅形成了非常先进的生态整体观和简单生活观,而且在生活中践行着这一充满环保意识的古老智慧。这将为人们理解人和自然的关系提供新的视角,同时希望该研究有助于人们进一步挖掘整个生态系统的健康与和谐发展的文化根源。
[Abstract]:As Peter Coates, a famous American ecological thinker, said: "Cultural theory firmly believes that the threat to the environment is caused by society and can only be explained in the context of culture." The mission of ecological criticism is to review human culture, carry out cultural criticism and explain the ideological and cultural origin of ecological crisis. The study of ecological criticism studies the relationship between culture and ecology in many ways. Among them, the ancient wisdom and ecological knowledge formed by some ancient nationalities in their long history have gradually attracted wide attention to solve the ecological crisis. The "Dream Age", a permanent cultural relic of the aborigines of Australia, is recorded in anthropological and historical literature. It contains the traditional environmental awareness and cultural practice in the ideology of aboriginal culture. In the Dream Age, the natives passed on their ancient wisdom through life stories, art, rituals, and song and dance performances, and lived in harmony with the natural environment for thousands of years. Similarly, it is regarded as the essence of Mongolian national society and culture, "Da Zasa", scattered in many historical materials, it condenses the Mongolian unique understanding of the natural environment, and in the form of ritual, natural objects sacrificial customs, taboos, totem and other forms. It also regulates the ecological cultural consciousness of the Mongolian nation living in harmony with nature. The research on ecological culture has shown that the traditional cultural consciousness and activities inherited by the ancient nation have a certain enlightenment and guidance on how to maintain the healthy development of the whole ecosystem. Therefore, this paper takes the "dream age" of the aboriginal people in Australia and the "Da Zasa" of the Mongolian people as the research objects, and tries to use the theory of ecological culture criticism to interpret and analyze the ancient wisdom contained in these two ancient documents. It shows that these two ancient nations have not only formed a very advanced view of ecological integrity and simple life, but also practiced this ancient wisdom full of environmental protection consciousness in their long-term harmony with nature. This will provide a new perspective for people to understand the relationship between man and nature, and it is hoped that this study will help people to further explore the cultural roots of the healthy and harmonious development of the whole ecosystem.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G04

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