战后南京中小学教育复员研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 11:37

本文关键词： 南京教育复员中小学接收甄审　出处：《南京师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抗战胜利后,百废待兴。国民政府为了医治战争创伤,进行了包括军事复员、经济复员和教育复员在内的一系列复员。百年大计,教育为本,教育复员在其中占有重要的地位。抗战胜利后,国民政府将新收复的地方分为光复区和收复区。南京在沦陷期间先后作为维新政府和汪伪政府的首都,抗战胜利后国民政府还都南京,南京依旧是中国的政治中心。且南京自古以来文教昌盛,一直是东南半壁乃至全国的文教中心。因此,民国时期南京的教育在全国占有重要地位。本文将选取南京来研究战后收复区的教育复员,鉴于战后教育复员包含较广,本文将以南京中小学的复员为个案,进而分析研究战后南京教育复员。通过对南京教育复员的研究可以折射出国民政府在整个收复区乃至全国教育复员的概况。本文首先对战后南京教育复员的背景进行概述,然后介绍国民政府在全国的教育复员政策,进而对战后南京教育复员的过程进行梳理。南京教育复员过程主要分为原内迁学校的回迁、复员和原日伪学校的接收和甄审,本文的第二部分和第三部分将做重点论述。最后对战后南京教育复员的实施过程,复员政策的利弊得失作整体的评价。本文的得出的结论,通过战后南京教育复员,南京基本恢复并超过了战前的规模；南京市内的中小学实现国立体制向市立体制的转轨；南京教育实现了由战时模式、奴化教育模式向平时教育模式的转化。但是以下因素制约着南京教育复员,第一实施了“停办了一切日伪学校”的复员措施,造成教育资源的极大浪费。第二,缺乏统一领导机构和协调机制,导致南京教育复员中组织协调不得力；第三,实行了不得民心并且旷日持久的甄审,将知识分子置于政权的对立面。第四,国民政府对南京教育复员没有足够的重视。
[Abstract]:In order to heal the wounds of the war, the National Government carried out a series of demobilization, including military demobilization, economic demobilization and educational demobilization. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the National Government divided the newly recovered areas into recovery areas and recovery areas. Nanjing was the capital of the reform government and the Wang puppet government during the fall of the Japanese army. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the national government still had Nanjing, which was still the political center of China, and Nanjing had been prosperous in culture and education since ancient times, and had been the center of culture and education in the southeast half of the country and even all over the country. Education in Nanjing played an important role in the Republic of China. This paper will select Nanjing to study the education demobilization in post-war recovery areas. In view of the wide range of post-war education demobilization, this paper will take the demobilization of Nanjing primary and secondary schools as a case. Through the study of Nanjing's education demobilization, the general situation of the national government's education demobilization in the whole recovered area and even the whole country can be reflected. This paper first summarizes the background of the post-war education demobilization in Nanjing, and then introduces the national government's policy of education demobilization in the whole country. Then the post-war Nanjing education demobilization process is combed. Nanjing education demobilization process is mainly divided into the original relocation of the school return demobilization and the former fake schools to receive and verify. The second and third parts of this paper will focus on the discussion. Finally, the implementation process of the post-war Nanjing education and demobilization, the advantages and disadvantages of the demobilization policy for the overall evaluation. Through the post-war education and demobilization of Nanjing, Nanjing basically recovered and exceeded the pre-war scale; The primary and middle schools in Nanjing realize the transition from the national system to the municipal system; Nanjing education realized the transformation from wartime mode, enslaved education mode to peacetime education mode. However, the following factors restricted Nanjing education demobilization, the first implementation of the demobilization measures of "stopped all Japanese schools". Second, the lack of a unified leadership and coordination mechanism, resulting in the Nanjing education demobilization organization coordination is not effective; Third, to carry out an examination which is unapproachable and protracted, and to put intellectuals on the opposite side of the regime. 4th, the National Government did not attach sufficient importance to the education and demobilization of Nanjing.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G639.29;K266

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