晋绥边区的交通邮政研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 15:13

本文关键词： 晋绥边区交通邮政机构邮路邮政业务　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：晋绥边区位于山西省西部和绥远省中东部,是陕甘宁边区通往晋察冀、晋冀鲁豫等根据地的门户,战略地位非常重要。交通邮政是晋绥边区民主政权建设的重要组成部分。1940年,晋绥边区民主政权——山西省第二游击区行政公署正式建立,它有一个通讯系统,开始称交通队,后来叫交通站。在这个时期,通讯工作尚无统一的章法。1941年3月,成立了晋西通讯总站;5月,更名为山西省政府第二游击区行署交通总局;8月,又随行署名称的变更,改称晋西北行政公署交通总局。1942年“精兵简政”,交通局与新华书店合并,改设为晋绥边区交通总站。这一时期交通组织遵守统一的规章,人员供给由地方政府负责。1946年2月,“交邮合一”,成立了晋绥边区邮政管理局,组织上垂直领导,业务上统一管理,经济上独立核算,收取邮资,并向社会公众开放邮政业务。晋绥边区的交通邮政机构不仅负责日常的邮件运输,还担负着转运延安发往华北、华中、华南各抗日根据地大批图书报刊的重要任务。晋绥边区邮政管理局成立之前,以兴县为中心,通往雁北区、晋察冀边区、陕甘宁边区、晋冀鲁豫边区的主要交通干线有5条。交通局(站)时期,晋绥边区内部的邮路就不断发展;晋绥边区邮政管理局成立后,进一步形成了四通八达的交通邮政网路。在交通局(站)时期,主要开展函件业务,负责分送中共晋绥分局、行政公署、报社、新华书店及妇联、抗联等人民群众团体的公文、书刊、报纸等,实行免费邮寄。晋绥边区邮政管理局成立后,交通邮政业务不断扩大,函件业务发展了保价信函和快递邮件业务,同时还开展了包裹业务和汇兑业务。在当时的社会环境下,晋绥边区交通邮政发挥了无可替代的作用。当时晋绥边区境内虽然也有电报、电话等通信联络方式,但发挥的作用是有限的,大部分地区间的公开通信还是依赖交通邮政。
[Abstract]:Located in the west of Shanxi Province and the central and eastern part of Suiyuan Province, the Shansi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region is the gateway to the base areas of Shanxi, Chaji, Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong and Henan, and its strategic position is very important. Communications postal service is an important part of the construction of democratic power in the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region. 1940, The administrative office of the second guerrilla region of Shanxi Province, the democratic regime in the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region, was formally established. It had a communication system, which was called the traffic team at first and then called the traffic station. In this period, there was no unified regulation of the communication work. In March 1941, In May, it was renamed the General Administration of Traffic of the second guerrilla region of the Shanxi Provincial Government. In August, with the change of the name of the bureau, it was renamed the General Administration of Communications of the Shanxi Northwest Administration Office. In 1942, the Traffic Bureau merged with the Xinhua Bookstore. In this period, the traffic organizations complied with the unified rules and regulations, and the local government was responsible for the supply of personnel. In February 1946, the Post Office of the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region was set up and the postal administration of the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region was established, with vertical leadership in the organization. Unified management in business, independent accounting in economy, collection of postage, and opening of postal services to the public. The transportation postal agencies in the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region are not only responsible for daily mail transportation, but also responsible for trans-shipment from Yan'an to North China and Central China. The important task of a large number of books and periodicals in various anti-Japanese base areas in South China. Before the establishment of the Post Administration Bureau of the Shanxi-Suiyuan Border region, Xingxian County was the center leading to the Yanbei region, the Shanxi-Cha-Ji Border region, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, There are five main main lines of traffic in the Shanxi-Hebei-Shanxi-Henan Border region. During the period of the Bureau of Communications (Station), the postal routes within the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region continued to develop; after the establishment of the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region Postal Administration Bureau, During the period of the Communications Bureau (station), it was mainly engaged in correspondence business and was responsible for distributing official documents from the Shansui Branch of the Communist Party of China, the administrative office, the newspaper, the Xinhua Bookstore, the Women's Federation, and other people's mass organizations, such as the Chinese Communist Party's Shanxi and Suiyuan Branch, the Xinhua Bookstore, the Women's Federation, and the Anti-Japanese Federation. Books, periodicals, newspapers, and so on, are free of charge. Since the establishment of the Shansui Border region Post Administration Bureau, the traffic postal service has been continuously expanded, and the correspondence business has developed the business of guaranteed price letters and express mail. At the same time, parcels and exchange operations were also carried out. In the social environment at that time, the traffic and postal services in the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region played an irreplaceable role. At that time, although there were telegrams and telephone communications within the Shansi-Suiyuan Border region, But the role is limited, most of the open communications between the region or rely on transport postal services.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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