中共的“联合政府”构想与国民党的应对研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 03:26

本文关键词： “联合政府” “改组政府” 中共国民党构想　出处：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“联合政府”由美国总统罗斯福最早于开罗会议上提出,先行传递给了蒋介石,但对方并无回应,后经美国驻华外交官与其国内高层的互动,得以再次显现,奈何国民党方面推三阻四,拒不接受。偶然之机,中共与美国外交官直接“碰撞”,闻知好意,便“接手”下来。1944年9月15日,林伯渠代表中共在国民参政会上作关于国共谈判的报告,第一次公开地把“联合政府”提了出来。之后长达两年半的时间里,国共双方围绕中共“联合政府”主张展开了战场军事争夺与和平谈判较量相结合的激烈冲突和斗争,最终因彼此根本分歧过大未能达成妥协。本文以已出版档案、回忆录、报纸、期刊等文献,以及一些其他资料为基础,对中共“联合政府”思想的起源、中共“联合政府”构想与国民党的应对、国共双方围绕中共“联合政府”主张的冲突和斗争及中共“联合政府”构想的结局进行了系统的研究,从思想史的视角得出了新的论断。本文主要由以下几个部分组成：导言部分主要阐述了选题的缘起,即作者选择这一题目的原因。正文部分,首先对中共“联合政府”思想的起源进行考察,辨析“源自美国,受其影响而出现”与“是中共自身思想发展的产物”两种目前学术界的主要观点,得出中共的“联合政府”思想源自美国。第二,对中共的“联合政府”构想与国民党的应对进行考察,剖析中共“联合政府”和国民党“改组政府”的性质、实现形式及实质,得出国共两党构想理论的差异性。第三,对国共双方围绕中共“联合政府”主张的冲突和斗争进行考察,探析国共两党谈判桌上的较量、冲突的要害与特征,得出国共双方争执的核心是未来中国走向选择的主导权。第四,对谈判破裂后国民党改组政府的实践和中共“联合政府”构想的结局进行考察,明证过于依赖强力后盾压服对方、完全自信己方政权构建理念的正确性、历史恩怨和现实认识形成的信任沟壑等因素纵向延伸与横向交织是其必然结果。总之,从思想的角度来看,国共两党理念的分歧极大地影响了谈判桌上的较量,而谈判桌上的较量又是前方战场角力的直接反映,因此,未来中国走向选择的主导权不仅依赖于理念,更依靠于实力。
[Abstract]:The "coalition government", first proposed by US President Roosevelt at the Cairo conference, was first passed on to Jiang Jieshi, but the other side did not respond. Later, through the interaction between US diplomats in China and its domestic high-level, it was again revealed. On the other hand, the Kuomintang side refused to accept it. By chance, the Chinese Communists directly "collided" with US diplomats and "took over" when they heard of the good intentions. On September 15th 1944, On behalf of the Chinese Communist Party, Lin Boqu delivered a report on the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party at the National political Conference. For the first time, Lin Boqu openly proposed the "coalition government." after that, for two and a half years, The Kuomintang and the Communist Party have launched a fierce conflict and struggle based on the proposal of the "coalition government" of the Communist Party on the battlefield, which combines the military battle on the battlefield with the contest of peaceful negotiations, and finally fails to reach a compromise because of their fundamental differences. This article is based on published archives and memoirs. On the basis of newspapers, periodicals, and some other materials, the origin of the CPC's "coalition government", the concept of the CPC's "coalition government", and the response of the Kuomintang, The KMT and the CPC have systematically studied the conflicts and struggles advocated by the CPC "coalition government" and the outcome of the CPC "coalition government" concept. This paper mainly consists of the following parts: the introduction mainly expounds the origin of the topic, that is, the reason why the author chooses the topic. First of all, the origin of the "coalition government" of the Communist Party of China is investigated, and the two main viewpoints of the current academic circles, "originated from the United States and influenced by it," and "are the product of the CPC's own ideological development," are analyzed. It is concluded that the "coalition government" of the Communist Party of China originates from the United States. Second, it investigates the concept of the "coalition government" of the Communist Party of China and the response of the Kuomintang, and analyzes the nature, form and substance of the "coalition government" of the Chinese Communist Party and the "reorganization of the government" of the Kuomintang. The differences of the conception theories between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party are drawn. Thirdly, the conflict and struggle advocated by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party around the "coalition government" of the Communist Party of China are investigated, and the contest, the key points and the characteristics of the conflict at the negotiating table between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party are analyzed. It is concluded that the core of the dispute between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is the leading power of China's choice in the future. 4th. The practice of the Kuomintang in reorganizing the government after the breakdown of the negotiations and the outcome of the CPC's "coalition government" concept were investigated. It is the inevitable result of overreliance on powerful backing to subdue the other side, complete confidence in the correctness of the concept of political power construction, the vertical extension and horizontal interweaving of factors such as historical grievances and trust gullies formed by realistic understanding. From an ideological point of view, the differences between the ideas of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have greatly affected the contest at the negotiating table, and the contest at the negotiating table is a direct reflection of the battle in front of the battlefield. Therefore, in the future, the dominant power in China's choice will not only depend on ideas, More rely on strength.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K265

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