越界:1958年新民歌运动的大众化之路

发布时间：2018-02-26 12:50

本文关键词： 新民歌运动大众化越界民间文学价值民间文学功能　出处：《民族艺术》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：1958年新民歌运动,由毛泽东发起,自上而下席卷全国,这一运动的参与人群、创作数量、创作速度都可说"史无前例",堪称全民卷入文艺。在这一大众化运动中,民间文学出现了大繁荣,民歌带动了诗风的改变,打破了"民间艺人"与"作家"的阈限,新型的"农民诗人"成为社会主义"文艺战线上的先锋",他们与作家共同抒写新的政治生活与劳动生活,作家文学和民间文学的"目标受众"都发生了转换。民间文学这次进入主流的"越界",使得民间文学的价值与功能也发生了变化,它改变了其作为民众表达和交流思想情感的存在意义,成为国家话语的反映与应对。但是在新民歌运动中,民歌与绘画、音乐的交融则是成功的,尤其是民歌与画作的结合,当时在农村形成了"壁画运动",在全国影响极大,效果亦佳,并且其影响持续至今;农民画成为当下民间文艺研究的一个重要门类,这也与口头传统中"诗画合璧"的传承方式相契合。
[Abstract]:In 1958, the New Folk Song Movement, initiated by Mao Zedong, swept the whole country from top to bottom. The number of people involved in the movement, the number of people who created it, and the speed at which it was created can all be said to be "unprecedented", and it can be said that the whole people are involved in literature and art. Folk literature flourished, folk songs led to the change of poetic style and broke the threshold of "folk entertainers" and "writers". The new "peasant poets" became the vanguard of the socialist "literary and artistic front", and they wrote with the writers about the new political and labor life. The "target audience" of the writer's literature and the folk literature have both changed. The value and function of the folk literature have also changed as the folk literature has entered the mainstream of "crossing the border". It changed its meaning as a public expression and exchange of thoughts and emotions, and became the reflection and response of national discourse. However, in the movement of new folk songs, the blend of folk songs, painting and music was successful, especially the combination of folk songs and paintings. At that time, a "mural movement" was formed in the rural areas, which had a great impact on the whole country and had a good effect, and its influence has continued to this day, and peasant paintings have become an important category in the study of folk literature and art. This also coincides with the inheritance of the combination of poetry and painting in the oral tradition.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院民族文学研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“国家话语与民间文学的理论建构(1949—1966)”(13CZW090)阶段性成果
【分类号】：I021;K27

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