“断不可使法界亦卷入政治风潮”——1920年代前期中国的司法生态

发布时间：2018-03-16 06:08

本文选题：余绍宋　切入点：民国北京政府　出处：《福建论坛(人文社会科学版)》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：长期身处民国北京政府司法中枢,且两度出任司法次长的余绍宋,亲身经历了该时期司法建设的起伏变动。余氏日记包含着许多鲜为人知的信息,亦呈现了司法内外生态复杂的变动过程。北京政府前期,军政势力干涉司法并不明显,亦不严重;及至中后期,随着国家文武结构失衡、中央地方权势易位、各地军阀分立、财政窘迫等,导致司法外部生态严重恶化。外部生态的恶化,不仅导致司法运转严重不畅,而且引发了系统内部暗潮涌动,"法潮"迭起。论及北京政府司法建设之艰难时,学界多归因于军阀干涉、财政窘迫、人才难得等外部因素,其实,司法系统内部问题亦不可忽视。在强调专业化、职业化、共同体的同时,司法系统逐渐形成相对独立、自治(或封闭)的内部生态,产生各种盘根错节的关系网络,对法制建设而言,这些多半并非积极因素。在运动迭起、政治泛化的北京政府中后期,大量政治案件进入司法系统,造成严重困境,在如此内外交困中,不少法界人士依然坚持"断不可使法界亦卷入政治风潮"。
[Abstract]:Yu Shao-song, who has been in the judicial center of the Beijing government of the Republic of China for a long time and served twice as judicial deputy chief, has personally experienced the ups and downs of judicial construction during that period. Yu's diary contains a lot of little-known information. In the early period of the Beijing government, the interference of military and government forces in the administration of justice was not obvious, nor was it serious. In the middle and late stages, with the imbalance of the state's civil and military structure, the power of the central and local authorities was transferred, and the warlords were separated from each other. The deterioration of external ecology not only leads to a serious lack of judicial operation, but also causes a surge of dark tides within the system. When it comes to the difficulties of the Beijing government's judicial construction, Many academic circles are attributed to external factors such as warlord interference, financial distress, and rare talents. In fact, the internal problems of the judicial system should not be ignored. While emphasizing specialization, professionalism, and community, the judicial system gradually becomes relatively independent. The internal ecology of autonomy (or closure) produces a variety of interlocking networks of relationships, which are not, for the most part, positive factors in the construction of the legal system. A large number of political cases have entered the judicial system, resulting in serious difficulties. In such a difficult situation, many people in the legal field still insist that "it is absolutely impossible for the legal sector to be involved in political turmoil."
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K26

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