顾维钧政治人格研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 11:22

本文选题：顾维钧　切入点：政治人格　出处：《中原工学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：顾维钧是我国现代史上公认的卓越外交家之一,他以强烈的个人特色和民族精神维护了中国国际外交的民族尊严,改变了对外屈辱关系。一直以来,国内外历史学界及社会各界学者对顾维钧的研究著作及研究成果层见迭出,这些前辈多以宏观体系或国家层面等视角分析他外交实践的主要成就与外交思想,在这些研究成果基础之上,作者由困惑提出问题,即在外交实践中的“传奇”做法和经历的内在动因究竟是什么?他是如何形成自己的政治人格,并在历史的舞台上展现和修正的?本文从政治心理学的视角,主要运用哈罗德·拉斯韦尔所创和发展的的政治人格理论(1)对顾维钧的政治人格进行分析研究。[1]第一章提出本文研究的主要问题与意义,对顾维钧的生平和本文所需的政治人格理论作了简要介绍,同时阐释了人格和政治人格的概念以及学界对顾维钧的研究现状。第二章分析探讨其政治人格类型为理论家型政治人格,哈罗德·拉斯韦尔按心理驱动力将政治人格类型划分为鼓动者型、行政者型、理论家型等。拉斯韦尔理论中对理论家型的描述可概括为那些以科学或者启蒙为专业的,亦或在哲学中的那些思想佼佼者。他们创立出某种系统性的体制或模式。顾维钧不仅以学国际法和外交学为基础,对国家政体等体制能进行详细地观察与研究,也可以在此基础上阐述某种设定下的制度及提出建设性方案,这是确定其为此人格的主要依据。第三章从个体视角和社会层面探讨他的政治人格形成过程,哈罗德·拉斯韦尔的理论认为政治行为是政治行为者的私人动机向公共事务的转移,其中包括作为基础价值的权力,是不同个体的人格把自身特征代换成公众目标,而后依据公众的利益将其政治活动合理化的结果。理论结合关于顾维钧的史料,分析其私人动机从反抗父权逐步转化为对落后制度改革的盼望和对国家地位的提高,最终与国家与人民反抗列强侵略的需求相结合并反映到政治人格的形成上。第四章试图在其外交生涯中选取两个典型案例,分析对其生命主要外交活动与其政治人格的互动影响,认为他在巴黎和会上的惊世之举可看做是其政治人格形成后的集中体现。[2]之后其政治人格大体上没有变化,但在灵活度上较之前提高很多,政治个性更加稳定和策略得当,吸收了多年外交斡旋的经验教训。外交领域的这些经历既是演绎了其超然的理论家型政治人格,又在某种程度上修正并完善了人格特质。
[Abstract]:Gu Weijun is one of the outstanding diplomats recognized in the modern history of our country. With his strong personal characteristics and national spirit, he has safeguarded the national dignity of China's international diplomacy and changed its humiliating relations with foreign countries. The research works and achievements of Gu Weijun have been published in history circles at home and abroad and scholars from all walks of life. Most of these predecessors analyzed the main achievements and diplomatic thoughts of Gu Weijun's diplomatic practice from the perspective of macroscopic system or national level. On the basis of these research results, the author raises the question from confusion, that is, what is the internal motivation of the "legendary" approach and experience in diplomatic practice? How did he form his own political personality and show and revise it on the stage of history? From the perspective of political psychology, this paper analyzes Gu Weijun's political personality by using the theory of political personality created and developed by Harold Raswell. [1] the first chapter puts forward the main problems and significance of this paper. This paper briefly introduces Gu Weijun's life and the theory of political personality needed in this paper. At the same time, it explains the concept of personality and political personality and the current situation of academic research on Gu Weijun. Harold Raswell divided the types of political personality into agitators, admins, theorists, and so on according to the psychological drive. The description of theorists in Raswell's theory can be summed up as those that specialize in science or enlightenment. Or those who excel in philosophy. They create a systematic system or model. Gu Weijun is not only based on the study of international law and diplomacy, but also makes detailed observations and studies of institutions such as the state system of government. On the basis of this, we can also expound a certain system and put forward constructive scheme, which is the main basis for the determination of his personality. Chapter three discusses his political personality formation process from the perspective of individual and social level. Harold Raswell's theory is that political behavior is a shift from the private motives of political actors to public affairs, including power as a fundamental value, where the personality of different individuals replaces their own identity with a public goal. Then according to the result of rationalizing its political activities according to the interests of the public, the theory combines with the historical data about Gu Weijun, and analyzes its private motive from resisting patriarchal power to gradually transforming its private motive from resistance to patriarchy to hope for the reform of backward system and to the improvement of national status. Finally, it combines with the demand of the state and the people to resist the invasion of the great powers and reflects the formation of political personality. Chapter 4th tries to select two typical cases in his diplomatic career. Analyzing the interaction between his main diplomatic activities in his life and his political personality, it is concluded that his surprise at the Paris Peace Conference can be seen as a concentrated manifestation of his political personality after the formation of his political personality. [2] after that, his political personality has remained largely unchanged. However, the degree of flexibility is much higher, the political personality is more stable and the strategy is appropriate, absorbing the experience and lessons of years of diplomatic mediation. These experiences in the diplomatic field both deduce its transcendent theorist political personality. To some extent, the personality traits have been modified and perfected.
【学位授予单位】：中原工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K827;K26

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