1898年独立协会活动与戊戌变法之领导阶层的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 11:57

本文选题：独立协会　切入点：戊戌变法　出处：《延边大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1898年发生的朝鲜独立协会活动与中国的戊戌变法运动都是在半殖民地命运下的爱国救亡性质的资产阶级改良运动。作为当时社会的先进阶级,资产阶级改良派为本国的救亡图存贡献了自己的力量,同时在运动中也体现出了其阶级本身的时代局限性和软弱性。本文以这两次运动的领导阶层进行比较为中心,研究其异同点及其原因,探讨半殖民地国家社会改良运动的规律。 1898年独立协会活动的领导层由属于少壮派的中小开明官吏、归国留学生以及青少年学生和教师组成；戊戌变法的领导者出身多为知识份子、中下级官员,值得注意的是支持变法的光绪皇帝。两次运动在领导阶层的构成上不仅存在着许多相似之处,也有一定的不同。作为社会改良运动,独立协会通过发动市民群众的力量,采取自下而上的方式推进社会改良；而戊戌变法由于当时清朝最高统治者光绪皇帝的支持,则是自上而下地开展维新变法。在改良形式上两者虽然存在着根本性的区别,但改良运动的发展思路上却有着许多相似之处。在运动失败以后,独立协会活动和戊戌变法的领导者们或逃亡国外、或遭到迫害、或向封建顽固势力妥协。出现这些现象的原因不尽一致,但其中仍存在着一定的共性。朝鲜独立协会活动和中国的戊戌变法作为两国近代史上重要的社会改良运动,对当时的社会进步,国家近代化发展都有着不可忽视的作用,而通过对两次运动的领导阶层异同点的分析能够使我们更为清晰地认识东方半殖民地国家社会改良运动。
[Abstract]:In 1898, the activities of the Korean Independence Association and the Reform Movement of 1898 in China were both bourgeois reform movements of the nature of patriotism and national salvation under the fate of the semi-colonies. They were the advanced classes of the society at that time. The bourgeois reformists have contributed their own strength to the national salvation, and at the same time they have also reflected the limitations and weakness of their class itself in the movement. This paper focuses on the comparison of the leadership of the two movements. This paper studies its similarities and differences and its causes, and probes into the law of the social reform movement in semi-colonial countries. In 1898, the leadership of the Independent Association was composed of small, medium and enlightened officials belonging to the Young School, returned students, young students and teachers. The leaders of the Reform Movement of 1898 were mostly intellectuals and middle and junior officials. It is worth noting that emperor Guang Xu, who supported the reform, not only has many similarities in the composition of the leadership, but also has some differences. As a social reform movement, the Independent Association adopted a bottom-up approach to promote social reform by mobilizing the strength of the masses of citizens; and the Reform Movement of 1898 was supported by Emperor Guang Xu, the supreme ruler of the Qing Dynasty at that time. Although there are fundamental differences between the two in the reform form, there are many similarities in the thinking of the development of the reform movement. After the defeat of the movement, the leaders of the Independent Association and the Reform Movement of 1898 fled abroad, were persecuted, or gave way to the feudal diehard forces. As an important social reform movement in the modern history of the two countries, the activities of the Korean Independent Association and the Reform Movement of 1898 in China played an important role in the social progress and modernization of the country at that time. By analyzing the similarities and differences of the leaders of the two movements, we can get a clearer understanding of the social reform movement in the Eastern semi-colonial countries.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K312.41;K256.5

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