近代中山城市发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 09:01

本文选题：香山　切入点：近代中山　出处：《华南理工大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：城市的产生是人类社会里程碑式的进步，城市的发展承载着人类社会变迁的印记和人类历史文明的进程，开拓典型个案城市发展的研究是中国近代城市史研究领域内有益的尝试。中山古称“香山”，地处珠江三角洲中部偏南、珠江下游入海口，历史上包括了中山、珠海、澳门三地，香山文化一脉传承使三地在文化上共同繁衍。香山自南宋绍兴22年(1152年)设县建城，迄今已有860年，民国十四年（1925年）为纪念世纪伟人孙中山先生而易名中山。本文以近代中山城市发展为研究课题，基于史料的梳理和田野的调查工作，将纵向分段论述与横向专题研究相结合，，力图对近代中山城市发展的历史作多角度、长时段的分析，全面深入地反映近代中山城市经济的成长过程以及由此带来的种种社会变迁，探析城市发展演进的特点及影响其发展的因素。导论部分阐述了研究课题的提出及其意义、研究范畴及相关概念界定，并对国内外的研究状况进行了回顾，进而说明研究框架、理论方法和基本史料。正文部分分为上下两篇：上篇回顾了中山城市发展的自然地理环境与历史人文背景，以及古代中山城市发展的概况和特点，并以时间为顺序，以鸦片战争后的开埠、中华民国建立和抗日战争爆发作为切点，将近代中山城市历史分为三个阶段，主要从城市经济社会发展和城市建设的角度阐述城市发展的概况。下篇是横向的专题研究，对近代中山城市形态特征及其演变特点进行总结和思考，将近代中山与近代两个特别的城市--南通与广州做比较研究，尝试对近代中山在中国近代史上的历史地位做出评估；并梳理出一些对城市发展影响重大的个性化因素进行具体分析，着重探讨了香山商业思想、政要名人和华侨对近代中山城市发展的影响；进而选择近代中山城市有代表性的街区、建筑和村镇进行赏析。论文从多层面反映了中山城市的近代化变迁及其形成的独特的城市风貌。近代中山的城市发展历程是在中西方文化碰撞下，从中国岭南边陲普通农业聚落向近代城市演变的过程。农耕文明与海洋文明交汇冲击在近代的中山逐渐演化出具有地域特色的香山文化，进一步在物质形态上演变出近代中山城市形态的中西合璧的风貌特色。近代中山的城市形态特征体现在由封闭转为开放的地域空间和街巷肌理；由传统走向现代的城市整体格局；由单一走向多元的城市建筑风貌。其城市形态的演变有着典型的城市商业外溢过程和比较彻底的城市现代化改造运动。中山堪称是“中国近代文明先驱之城”，“先驱性”是根植于香山文化、香山人、香山城市的基因。近代以来，得“开风气之先”的香山人迈开了走向世界的脚步，香山地区涌现了以孙中山为代表的一大批历史文化名人，如中国留学生之父容闳；著名思想家、洋务实业家郑观应；洋务运动的“商办之首”唐廷枢；为共和革命牺牲的第一人陆皓东；中国空军之父杨仙逸；民国第一任内阁总理唐绍仪；中国民族百货业先驱、四大百货公司创始人马应彪、郭乐、李敏周、蔡昌等等。他们以中国和家乡为广阔的舞台，对于近代中山城市在物质、理念、精神、心态层面建设的意义可谓既深且远，近代中山城市亦因此而焕发了蓬勃的生机。如果说，近代南通的建设体现了一个人与一座城市的辉煌，那么近代中山的发展则演绎了一个群体与一座城市的神话。从这一视角来讲，中山堪称“中国近代文明先驱之城”。以史为鉴，可知兴替；文化化人，润物无声。一座具有美好未来的城市，必然更加珍视自己的历史；一个具有强烈发展意识的地区，必然更加注重对历史文化的继承和发展。本文的研究填补了对近代中山城市发展历史进行系统而整体的考察研究之空白，期待论文的研究成果对当今中山城市历史文化的保护和发展具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The development of the city is a milestone in the human society . The development of the city bears the imprint of human social change and the process of human history civilization . The research on the development of typical cases is a useful attempt in the field of Chinese modern urban history research .

Zhongshan , the ancient name of " Xiangshan " , is located in the middle of the Pearl River Delta and is located in the lower reaches of the Pearl River . Its history includes Zhongshan , Zhuhai and Macao . The cultural one - pulse transmission of Xiangshan culture has enabled the three places to flourish in culture .

Based on the research work of historical materials and field investigation , this paper tries to combine the longitudinal section with the transverse thematic study , and tries to analyze the history of the development of Zhongshan city in modern times , and to fully and deeply reflect the growth process of the modern Zhongshan city economy and the social changes brought by it , and explore the characteristics of the evolution of the urban development and the factors affecting its development .

The introduction and significance of the research project , the definition of the research category and the related concepts , and the research situation at home and abroad are reviewed , and the research framework , the theory method and the basic historical materials are described . The main body part is divided into three stages : the upper part reviews the natural geographical environment and historical humanistic background of the development of Zhongshan city and the development of the ancient Zhongshan city .
This paper analyzes the individual factors that influence the development of urban development , and discusses the influence of Shanshan ' s business ideas , celebrities and overseas Chinese on the development of the modern Zhongshan city .
Then select the representative block , architecture and villages and towns in the modern Zhongshan city . The paper reflects the modernization of Zhongshan city and its unique urban landscape from the multi - level .

The development course of the city of Zhongshan in modern times is the process of the evolution of modern city from the common agricultural settlement in the southern border area of China under the collision of Chinese and Western culture . The impact of agricultural civilization and ocean civilization has gradually evolved into Xiangshan culture with regional characteristics in modern middle mountain .
From the tradition to the modern city overall pattern ;
From a single , multi - element city architecture landscape , the evolution of its urban form has typical urban commercial outpouring process and relatively thorough urban modernization transformation movement .

Zhongshan is the city of modern civilization in China . The pioneer is the gene rooted in Xiangshan culture , Xiangshan and Xiangshan city .
The famous thinker and the foreign affairs industrialist Zheng Guanying ;
Tang Ting - shu , the head of the business of the ocean affairs movement ;
The first man who died for the republican revolution was Lu Hao - dong ;
Yang Xian , the father of the Chinese Air Force ;
The first cabinet prime minister of the Republic of China ;
As a pioneer of the Chinese national department , the founder of the four hundred goods companies , Ma Ying , Guo Le , Li Min Zhou , Cai Chang , etc . They take China and hometown as a broad stage . In modern Zhongshan city , the significance of the construction of material , concept , spirit and mentality is both deep and far , and the development of modern Zhongshan city reflects the myth of a group and a city . From this point of view , Zhongshan can be called " the city of modern civilization in China " .

For the sake of history , it can be concluded that :
A city with a better future must be more valued for its own history .
A region with strong development consciousness must pay more attention to the inheritance and development of the historical culture . The research of this paper fills the blank of the study on the whole system of the development history of Zhongshan city in modern times , and expects that the research results of this paper have certain reference significance to the protection and development of the historical culture of Zhongshan city .

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU-098.1;K25;F299.29

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