资本全球化与近代中国社会转型

发布时间：2018-04-09 19:35

本文选题：资本全球化　切入点：近代中国　出处：《河南师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：19世纪中叶至20世纪20年代初对中国而言是一个意义重大的转型时期,不过相较于传统侧重于从生产关系角度出发的革命化范式与侧重于从生产力角度出发的现代化(近代化)范式,资本全球化理论视角侧重于把近代中国的社会转型放置在近代世界的资本全球整合背景下,以资本全球整合对中国的冲击和中国的认知、应对作为考量近代中国社会转型的重要轴线,分析近代中国展开社会转型前的国内外背景、推进社会转型的动力因素、资本全球整合语境下中国社会各个领域转型的历程、转型的挫折与失败,希冀能够以此较宽广的视域做出对近代中国历史发展独特道路的科学和历史的解释。本文除绪论外共两个部分: 第一部分:近代世界的资本全球化与中国近代社会转型的背景。近代世界的全球化是世界各国在近代社会转型的整体背景。这一部分首先考察和分析了近代世界全球化本质之由资本推动,界定了研究近代中国社会转型的全球化内涵——中国近代(1840——1919)的社会转型受资本主义社会发展的全球化制约。其次介绍了中国近代社会转型的内涵、一般历程,从政治、经济和文化三个层面考察分析了近代中国社会转型的国内整体处于农业经济形态社会发展阶段的状态和近代世界趋向资本主义的资本全球化在政治、经济、文化三个层面的发展态势。第二部分:近代世界的资本全球化与中国近代的社会转型。在这部分中,分别从近代中国社会转型的动因、国内各阶层对转型的认知与各领域转型的轨迹和社会转型的挫折失利与原因三个方面考察和分析近代中国在资本全球化背景下启动和推进的社会转型。从社会转型的动因看,前近代时期中国社会商品经济的发展与资本主义萌芽、源自西方的资本全球扩张和中国在近代不同民族文明交往时对先进资本文明的整体学习成为推动中国近代社会转型的动力。从国内各阶层对转型的认知看,近代中国的社会转型大体上先后经历了地主阶级的器物实践、农民阶级的对资本主义的空想式认识和资产阶级改良与革命式推进。从各领域社会转型的轨迹看,民族资本主义经济的勃兴、资本主义民主政治的初步构建和资产阶级文化的引领潮流是近代中国社会经济、政治和文化领域转型的主要标志。但是,近代中国社会转型的缓慢、低水平、不系统和与半殖民地化的同步性宣告了近代中国社会转型的失利。而西方资本扩张的主观阻扰、中国封建主义的顽固制约和推进近代中国社会转型的各阶层昭示的民族特质的局限促使了中国近代社会转型失利。
[Abstract]:The mid-19th century to the early 1920s was a significant period of transition for China.However, compared with the traditional revolutionized paradigm, which focuses on the perspective of production relations and modernization (modernization) paradigm, which focuses on the perspective of productive forces,The theory of capital globalization focuses on placing the social transformation of modern China under the background of the global integration of capital in the modern world, with the impact of global integration of capital on China and its cognition.As an important axis of modern China's social transformation, this paper analyzes the domestic and foreign background before modern China's social transformation, the motive factors of promoting social transformation, and the course of Chinese social transformation in the context of global integration of capital.In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of two parts:The first part: the background of the globalization of capital in modern world and the transformation of modern Chinese society.The globalization of the modern world is the whole background of the transformation of the world in modern society.This part first examines and analyzes the nature of the globalization of the modern world driven by capital.This paper defines the connotation of globalization in the study of social transformation in modern China (1840-1919), which is restricted by the globalization of capitalist society.Secondly, it introduces the connotation and general course of social transformation in modern China, from the point of view of politics,From the three aspects of economy and culture, this paper investigates and analyzes the situation that the whole domestic economy of modern China is in the stage of agricultural economic formation and social development, and that the capital globalization of the modern world tends to capitalism in politics and economy.The development trend of three levels of culture.The second part: capital globalization in modern world and social transformation in modern China.In this part, the causes of social transformation from modern China,This paper examines and analyzes the social transformation initiated and promoted in modern China under the background of the globalization of capital from three aspects: the cognition of the transformation and the track of the transformation in various fields and the setbacks and reasons of the social transformation.From the motive of social transformation, the development of Chinese social commodity economy and the germination of capitalism in the pre-modern period,The global expansion of capital derived from the West and China's overall study of the advanced capital civilization in the exchanges of different national civilizations in modern times have become the motive forces to promote the transformation of Chinese modern society.From the cognition of each stratum in China, the social transformation of modern China has experienced the practice of implements of the landlord class, the utopian understanding of capitalism by the peasant class, and the bourgeoisie reform and revolution.From the track of social transformation in various fields, the prosperity of national capitalist economy, the preliminary construction of capitalist democratic politics and the leading trend of bourgeois culture are the main symbols of the transformation of social economy, politics and culture in modern China.However, the slow, low level, unsystematic and synchronism of modern Chinese social transformation declared the failure of modern Chinese social transformation.However, the subjective obstruction of western capital expansion, the stubborn restriction of Chinese feudalism and the limitation of the national characteristics of all strata in promoting the transformation of modern Chinese society contributed to the failure of the transformation of Chinese modern society.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K25

【引证文献】