地方精英与民国太仓地方社会

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:24

本文选题：民国 + 太仓　；参考：《上海师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：太仓地处富饶的长江三角洲中心地带，东北濒长江，与崇明隔江相望，东南临上海，西南连昆山，西北接常熟。可以说太仓的经济繁盛主要依赖于太仓农业的富庶和海上交通的发达。太仓地区的文风、学风也十分鼎盛，众多子弟以读书进学为荣。发达的地方经济，悠久的文化传统，众多的进士举子，使得士绅群体在太仓的传统权力结构中占据着较为重要的地位。但是随着科举制度的废除，大批传统地方精英失去了通过原有的儒学知识资源获取社会地位的途径，不合时宜的旧功名也逐渐不能维系其基本的社会地位和政治利益。此时在太仓有功名或从未取得功名之人，开始把目光转向其他途径，以此来稳固或重新确立自己的社会地位。地方自治运动的开展，，则为太仓地方新精英的崛起提供了新的契机。他们主要是通过担任自治公所的职员来发挥自身的影响力，从而使自身的社会地位得以巩固。地方新精英形成的另一主要因素则是自身经济实力的提升。他们通过从事商业经营管理，开始登上地方政治舞台，涉足地方政坛和关心家乡事务。本文主要从太仓的教育、慈善和交通三方面，探讨在社会转型期间地方精英在太仓社会中发挥的作用。教育方面，地方精英主要通过创办新式学校和宣传新式教育理念，让更多的家乡人民有受教育的权利。太仓的教育也逐渐从传统的封建教育向新式教育转型。慈善方面，每当遇到天灾人祸，地方精英及时、迅速地募集捐款，救助灾民，此时地方精英的慈善理念出现了变化，太仓的慈善事业从传统开始向近代转型。交通方面，地方精英创办的沪太长途汽车公司无疑是最重要的，它的建立，使沪太两地的交流更加便利、快捷，表现在出行方式、时间观念等方面尤为突出。随着国民政府对交通政策的修订，地方精英为争取自身的利益据理力争。但我们不能忽视的是，地方精英对地方公共事务的介入，其出发点是由于自身利益的诉求。
[Abstract]:Taicang is located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, northeast of the Yangtze River, across the river and Chongming, Southeast Shanghai, southwest of Kunshan, north of Changshu. It can be said that Taicang's economic boom depends mainly on agriculture in Taicang and the rich maritime traffic developed in Taicang area. The wind, style is also very prosperous, many the children to study in the school proud. Developed the local economy, culture and tradition, many scholars give the child, make gentry occupy a more important position in the traditional power structure in Taicang.
But with the abolition of the imperial examination system, a large number of traditional local elites lost access to social status by the original Confucianism of knowledge resources, the old fame has not be inopportune or inappropriate to maintain the basic social and political interests. At this time there is fame or never get fame of the people in Taicang, began to look the other way, in order to secure or re established their own social status. The local self-government movement, provides a new opportunity for the rise of Taicang new local elite. They are mainly to play through as autonomous hall staff since the influence, so that their social status can be consolidated. Another major factor is the formation of new local elites is the economic strength of the upgrade. They engage in business management, began on the local political scene, involved in local politics and concerned about home affairs.
This article mainly from the Taicang education, charity and transportation three, a discussion on the transformation of local elites in Taicang during the play the role of social education in the society. The local elites, mainly through founding new schools and promote new education concept, let more people in my hometown have the right to education. Education in Taicang has gradually shifted from the traditional feudal education to the new education transformation. Charity, when local elites in a timely manner, natural calamities and man-made misfortunes, quickly raise donations to help the victims, the local elite charity concept has changed, Taicang charity began the transition from the traditional to modern traffic. Local elites, founder of the Hutai bus company is undoubtedly the most important and it set up to Shanghai too the two exchanges more convenient, fast, in the way to travel, time concept is particularly prominent. With the government of the Republic of China on transport policy The revised local elites to fight for their own interests argue. But we can not ignore is that local elites involved in local affairs, the starting point is due to their own interests.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K258

【参考文献】