抗战时期同官煤矿矿工生活研究（1939-1945）

发布时间：2018-04-19 21:47

本文选题：抗战时期 + 同官煤矿　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：同官,1946年改名为铜川,同官之煤曾烧出标志着高度文明的唐三彩和宋代耀州瓷,也曾源源不断地供给抗日大后方"军工民用"。全面抗战开始后,晋、豫相继沦陷,陕西省政府为解煤荒之困,与陇海铁路局合办同官煤矿,同官煤矿以此为契机,得到了长足发展,为工矿企业供应了大量煤炭,为内迁人员提供了工作岗位,有力支持了全国的抗战。同官煤矿工人来源广泛,大多是来自河南、山西的难民,也有本地的农民,还有因战争内迁的人员;在生产方式上,传统生产和现代生产方式并存;在管理制度上,里工制、包工制、租采制和企业管理体制并存;矿工劳动条件很艰苦,工时长、强度大,工资低,在战时飞涨的物价下,其生产、生活着实不易。为保障煤矿的正常生产,稳定矿职工,凝聚人心,同官煤矿成立了福利社、子弟学校、矿医院;制定了休息休假、伤病抚恤、退休制度;开展了识字教育、劳动比赛、体育活动,缓解其生活压力,确保其能够安心生产。但战时的医疗、教育和物质条件匮乏,煤矿工人依旧处于艰难之中。本文力求通过同官煤矿矿工的基本情况、生产状况、日常生活等多方面的研究,还原抗战大后方矿工的真实生活面貌。通过分析煤矿工人的作业环境、工作时间、工资待遇、福利政策、教育医疗等,以丰富煤矿史、社会史和地方史等方面的研究,填补抗战大后方矿工研究空白。
[Abstract]:Tongguan, renamed Tongchuan in 1946, burned three colors of Tang Dynasty and Yaozhou porcelain of Song Dynasty, which symbolized a high degree of civilization, and also continuously supplied "military industry and civilian" to the anti-Japanese rear area. After the War of Resistance against Japan began, Jin and Henan fell one after another. In order to solve the problem of coal shortage, the Shaanxi Provincial Government and Longhai Railway Bureau jointly cooperated with the Tongguan Coal Mine, taking this as an opportunity to make great progress and supply large quantities of coal to industrial and mining enterprises. For the internal migration personnel to provide a job, has been able to support the national war of resistance. Tongguan coal mine workers come from a wide range of sources, most of them refugees from Henan and Shanxi, as well as local peasants, as well as people who have moved internally as a result of the war. In terms of production methods, traditional and modern production methods coexist; and in the management system, the local work system, The working conditions of miners are very difficult, the working hours are long, the intensity is great, the wages are low, and under the soaring prices in wartime, the production and life of miners are not easy. In order to ensure the normal production of the coal mines, stabilize the mining workers and rally the people, the Tongguan Coal Mine has set up welfare societies, children's schools, mining hospitals, formulated a system of rest, vacation, injury and injury pensions, retirement, and developed literacy education and labor competitions. Sports activities, ease their life pressure, to ensure that they can be safe to produce. But the wartime medical, educational and material conditions were scarce, and the coal miners were still struggling. This paper tries to restore the real life of the miners in the rear area of the Anti-Japanese War by studying the basic conditions, production conditions and daily life of the miners in Tongguan Coal Mine. By analyzing the working environment, working hours, salary and treatment, welfare policy, education and medical treatment of coal miners, the research on coal mine history, social history and local history is enriched to fill in the gaps in the study of miners in the rear area of the War of Resistance against Japan.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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