从援战到援建—中国对朝鲜的铁路援助（1950-1955）

发布时间：2018-04-24 17:01

本文选题：朝鲜战争 + 铁路运输　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：朝鲜战争爆发后,中国主动向朝鲜提出援助,中苏的援助物资开始通过中国东北运往朝鲜。1950年11月,志愿军入朝作战后,为了帮助朝鲜修复铁路运输线,改善中朝军队的补给状况,中国开始派遣铁道人员入朝援助作战。此后,中国的铁路人员陆续进入朝鲜,由此也引发了中朝在朝鲜铁路运输上的矛盾。后来经过苏联的介入,双方协商成立中朝联合铁道司令部,对朝鲜铁路实施军管,朝鲜铁路运输也逐步得到改善。战争进入相持阶段后,为了加强和完善朝鲜的铁路运输能力,中国开始在朝鲜境内修建铁路,一直延续到停战后。本文的第一章介绍中国对朝铁道援助的背景,包括朝鲜战争前中朝铁路的联结情况与历史缘由、战争爆发后中、苏、朝之间形成的铁路运输网,以及朝鲜向中国求援后,中国决定出兵援朝;第二章叙述志愿军对朝鲜的铁路运输援助,主要包括中国的铁道人员的入朝、中朝如何实现对朝鲜的联合铁路军管,以及中国对朝鲜的铁路运输援助;第三章论述中国对朝鲜的铁路援建和交还朝鲜铁路管理权,包括战时和战后中国对朝鲜的铁路修复、援建、机车援助,以及中朝关于中国交还铁路管辖权、结束军管的协商过程。结论部分总结了中国对朝鲜铁路援助的性质以及付出的代价,并阐释了战时中朝因铁路问题爆发的激烈冲突反映出社会主义阵营国家间关系的部分特征。中国为了修复和巩固中朝关系,在战后继续对朝鲜提供铁路援助。在这一背景下,中国对朝鲜的铁路援助从"援战"转变为"援建"。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the Korean War, China offered assistance to the DPRK, and the aid from China and the Soviet Union began to flow through the northeast of China to the DPRK. In November 1950, after the volunteers entered the DPRK into combat, in order to help the DPRK to repair the railway transportation line, To improve the supply of Chinese and North Korean troops, China began to send railway personnel into the North Korean aid operations. Since then, Chinese railway personnel have entered North Korea, which also triggered a contradiction between China and North Korea over North Korean railway transportation. After the Soviet Union's intervention, the two sides negotiated the establishment of the Sino-DPRK United Railway Command to implement military control over the Korean railway, and the DPRK railway transportation was gradually improved. In order to strengthen and improve the railway transportation capacity of North Korea, China began to build railways in North Korea until after the armistice. The first chapter of this paper introduces the background of China's assistance to the DPRK railway, including the connection and historical reasons of the Sino-Korean railway before the Korean War, the railway transport network formed between China and the Soviet Union and the DPRK after the war broke out, as well as the DPRK's request for assistance from China. The second chapter describes the aid of the volunteer army to the DPRK, including the entry of Chinese railway personnel, how to realize the joint railway management of China and North Korea, and the aid of China's railway transportation to the DPRK. The third chapter discusses China's railway assistance to Korea and the return of Korean railway management, including railway rehabilitation, construction, locomotive assistance, and China's return of railway jurisdiction to the DPRK during the war and after the war. To conclude the negotiation process of the military management. The conclusion part summarizes the nature and cost of China's railway aid to Korea, and explains that the fierce conflict between China and North Korea due to railway problems in wartime reflects some characteristics of the relations between socialist camp countries. China continued to provide rail aid to North Korea after the war in order to repair and consolidate its relations with North Korea. In this context, China's railway aid to North Korea changed from "aid war" to "aid construction".
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27

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