建国初期知识分子思想改造运动之研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 14:06

本文选题：建国初期 + 知识分子　；参考：《华南理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：知识分子的思想改造问题在党的知识分子政策史上有着极为重要的地位。笔者着眼于建国初期知识分子思想改造运动这一历史事件,介绍其发生的历史背景,阐述其过程,剖析其发动的原因,并力求给以客观的理性的评价。这场运动发生在战争与革命时代主题还在延续的建国初期,是社会大变革引发新旧思想文化激烈冲突的历史环境下的产物,是在“团结、教育、改造”的知识分子政策的指导下进行的。从运动的宏观发展来看,有一个逐步展开而渐次达到高潮的过程;从运动的微观运作来看,经历思想动员、思想建设、思想总结和组织清理三个阶段。马克思列宁有关知识分子的论述、中共在知识分子阶级属性问题上的双重界定、毛泽东关于知识分子的认识提供了理论依据;党为了确立马列主义在意识形态领域的指导地位、巩固新生政权的需要、先进文化建设的需要和知识分子适应新的政治文化生态环境、知识分子内心普遍存在的原罪意识使他们有加强自身学习的需要是现实依据。对于这场运动我们应该辩证地看待,从运动的效果来看总体上应给予肯定。思想改造运动的开展,是符合知识分子本身和时代要求的、对于改造教师思想推动高等学校的改革以及以及知识分子通过学习改造,获得前进的方向和力量从运动要求的过急过高,做法上粗暴、简单化的“一刀切”;发动学生揭批教师,扭曲了师生关系;思想批判中,是非界限不清,存在泛意识形态化倾向;对知识分子阶级属性判断的影响诸方面剖析运动所造成的负面影响。这场运动给予我们深刻的历史启示。
[Abstract]:The ideological reform of intellectuals plays an extremely important role in the history of the Party's intellectual policy. The author focuses on the historical event of intellectual ideological reform movement in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, introduces its historical background, expounds its process, analyzes the reasons for its initiation, and tries to give an objective and rational evaluation. This movement took place in the early days of the founding of the nation, when the theme of the war and revolution was still continuing. It was the product of a historical environment in which the great changes in society caused fierce conflicts between new and old ideas and cultures, and it was "unity, education," The reform was carried out under the guidance of the intellectual policy of "reform". From the macroscopic development of the movement, there is a process of gradual expansion and gradual climax, and from the microscopic operation of the movement, there are three stages: ideological mobilization, ideological construction, ideological summary and organizational clean-up. Marxism-Lenin 's exposition on intellectuals, the Communist Party's dual definition of the intellectual class attribute, Mao Zedong's understanding of intellectuals provides a theoretical basis; in order to establish the guiding position of Marxism-Leninism in the ideological field, The need of consolidating the new regime, the need of advanced cultural construction and the adaptation of intellectuals to the new political and cultural ecological environment, the common consciousness of original sin in intellectuals' heart makes them have the need to strengthen their own study is the realistic basis. We should treat this movement dialectically and affirm its effect as a whole. The development of the ideological reform movement is in line with the needs of the intellectuals themselves and the times. To obtain the direction and strength of moving forward from the requirements of the movement is too urgent and too high, the method is crude, simple "one size fits all"; arouse students to expose and criticize teachers, distorted the teacher-student relationship; in ideological criticism, the line between right and wrong is not clear. There exists the tendency of pan-ideology and the negative influence of the movement on the judgment of intellectual class attribute. This movement gives us profound historical enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27

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