近代以来山西稻作研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 05:22

本文选题：山西水稻 + 技术革新　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西稻作栽培历史悠久,最早可溯源到春秋时期,但受自然地理环境的制约,种植范围始终有限,主要集中于泉涌与河谷地带。明清时期,山西水资源渐趋贫乏,而需水量极大的水稻的种植范围竟得以扩大,这既与政府政策的引导有关,也与山西人口不断增多的现实有相当的关联。水稻种植范围的扩展,客观上更加剧了水资源的紧张程度。近代以来,由于战争、市场、政策等各种因素扭结在一起,使得山西水稻的种植范围呈现出很大的波动性。随着种植技术的不断改进,水稻的产量在缓慢提高,同时也表现出很大的波动性,一方面,传统农业经验的积累以及稻作技术的不断改良促使水稻亩产出现缓慢提高的状况；另一方面,受生态环境、市场以及国家政策等因素的影响,水稻产量又呈现很大的不稳定性。稻谷的供销也是人们特别关心的议题,尤其是新中国成立后,国家实行计划经济体制,山西稻谷的供应范围狭窄,稻谷价格波动很小,远未与市场的供求关系挂钩。改革开放后,随着计划经济向市场经济体制的转变,稻谷的供销和价格开始反映市场的供求状况,逐渐与市场挂钩。谈到山西水稻,对晋祠稻的研究成为我们无法回避的问题。作为山西稻作的杰出代表,晋祠稻不仅色香味俱全,而且产量大,一度成为华北地区水稻种植史上一颗璀璨的明珠。但是随着国家工业化和城镇化的逐步推进,晋祠稻的发展也开始面临严峻的挑战,表现为种植面积不断缩减和缺乏稳定的水源保障。因而如何破解晋祠稻发展面临的困局,成为我们必须思考的一个问题。
[Abstract]:Shanxi has a long history of rice cultivation, which can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn period, but restricted by the natural geographical environment, the planting range is always limited, mainly concentrated in Quanyong and the valley area. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water resources of Shanxi gradually became poor, and the growing range of rice with great water demand was expanded, which was related to the guidance of the government policy and the reality of the increasing population in Shanxi. The expansion of rice planting range objectively intensifies the water resources. Since modern times, due to the war, market, policy and other factors kink together, Shanxi rice planting range presents great volatility. With the continuous improvement of planting technology, the yield of rice is increasing slowly, but also showing great volatility. On the one hand, the accumulation of traditional agricultural experience and the continuous improvement of rice planting technology promote the slow increase of rice yield per mu; On the other hand, due to the influence of ecological environment, market and national policy, rice yield presents great instability. The supply and marketing of rice is also a topic of special concern, especially after the founding of New China, the state implements the planned economy system, the supply range of Shanxi rice is narrow, the price fluctuation of rice is very small, and it is far from the relation between supply and demand in the market. After reform and opening up, with the transition from planned economy to market economy, the supply and marketing of rice and the price of rice began to reflect the supply and demand of the market and gradually linked to the market. Talking about Shanxi rice, the research of Jinci rice has become an unavoidable problem. As an outstanding representative of Shanxi rice cultivation, Jinci rice is not only full of color, fragrance and yield, but also has become a bright pearl in the history of rice planting in North China. However, with the development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the development of Jinci rice is also facing severe challenges, such as the continuous reduction of planting area and the lack of stable water source protection. Therefore, how to solve the difficulties in the development of Jinci rice has become a problem that we must think about.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K25;S511

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