山西革命根据地社会教育研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 15:20

  本文选题：山西革命根据地 + 社会教育　； 参考：《山西大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：山西革命根据地(中共抗日根据地及解放区)的社会教育是在抗战与中共革命的大背景下实施的,具有鲜明的战时性和工具性特点,即社会教育必须为全民抗战和中共革命的现实服务。社会教育内容包括政治教育、文化教育、生活教育三大方面。其不仅传授知识于根据地民众,亦通过社会教育改变民众的精神文化面貌,进而推动传统乡村社会权力结构的变革。研究其内在组织机理并总结其经验教训,不仅有助于我们观察根据地社会建设和政权建设的全景,亦可为当代社会教育提供某些历史启示。本文遵循“让历史说话、用史实发言”的宗旨,通过分析大量原始档案资料,力图展现山西革命根据地社会教育之原貌,试图跳出以往“政策——效果”的传统研究范式,将更多关注点聚焦于基层社会教育在根据地乡村的具体运行、社会教育对普通群众的施教效果、群众对社会教育接受过程等方面,将“自下而上”与“自上而下”的研究方法有机结合,使研究有“筋骨”有“血肉”。本文正文从以下几方面论述:第一章概述了抗战之前中国社会教育的整体发展脉络,梳理了战前山西社会教育发展的基本情形。第二章考察了山西革命根据地社会教育的实施背景。在山西革命根据地建立之前,苏区与陕甘宁边区社会教育已取得显著效果并形成诸多可供借鉴的宝贵经验。苏区与陕甘宁边区教育是以马克思主义为指导,将马克思主义教育原理与中国具体实际相结合的一种全新的教育,其教育思想核心是教育为政治经济服务、教育与生产劳动相结合、用共产主义思想教育人民群众、依靠人民群众办学。苏区社会教育经验为山西革命根据地社会教育提供了有益借鉴。第三章阐释了山西革命根据地社会教育的制度安排,主要围绕社会教育的方针政策、行政机构、组织机理三方面展开论述。第四章检视了山西革命根据地社会教育的运行实践,重点分析了识字教育的相关方针政策、运行措施,冬学运动发起、组织机构、目标任务、教学方法、教育内容、实施效果,以及学校兼办社会教育、中共在敌占区的社会教育等,其中既有对创新模式——儿童冬学的个案研究,亦有对其他社会教育施教机构如民众学校、民族革命室、民教馆、俱乐部、大众黑板报,以及以往研究中鲜少论及的人民文化馆、文化合作社、冬学运输队、五台山喇嘛社会教育、学习站等的探讨。第五章研究了山西革命根据地社会教育义务教员和教材。教师和教材是社会教育的基本要素,山西革命根据地社会教育的教师称之为义务教员,其是教师存在于根据地时期的一种特殊形式。本章从义务教员的选拔培训、学历水平、阶级成分、模范教员评选标准及奖励、师资培训班等方面对社会教育的义务教员进行了分析。社会教育教材是社会教育目标及任务的文字化展现,笔者对教材的篇章安排、内容选定、编排方法、课后练习题、以及讲授方法等方面做了详尽论述,并在此基础上对其特点进行了归纳:即内容通俗易懂,贴近乡村民众日常生活;篇章安排逐级递进,符合认知规律;运用唱词、插图等形式丰富教材内容;宣传中共方针政策与紧密配合根据地中心工作等。第六章阐述了山西革命根据地社会教育的两个“特点”。具体而言,即从农村戏剧团和女性社会教育两方面展开论述。农村戏剧团是通俗化、大众化的重要社教机构,其用群众喜闻乐见的艺术形式进行宣传。农村戏剧团通过演出教育群众,并鼓励群众积极参与到戏剧团宣传中,演出剧目丰富多彩,农村戏剧团深受群众喜爱,剧团数量迅速增加。女性社会教育通过对妇女进行教育,使得女性获得解放,社会和家庭地位得到提升;关注女性婚姻,鼓励女性婚姻自主;对妇女进行生产、拥军和优抗教育,取得极好效果。第七章剖析了影响山西革命根据地社会教育的因素。努力突破学界传统的研究视角,从山西革命根据地战争形势的变化、中心工作的转化、群众团体配合、学员自身努力、“精兵简政”和“三查三整”的影响等五个方面考察了其对山西革命根据地社会教育的影响,探究了各因素与根据地社会教育之间的互动关系。
[Abstract]:The social education in the revolutionary base area of Shanxi (the Anti Japanese base area of the Communist Party of China and Jiefang District) is carried out under the background of the Anti Japanese War and the Communist Party Revolution. It has distinct wartime and instrumental features, that is, social education must serve the reality of the whole people's resistance to the war and the Communist revolution. The content of social education includes political education, culture and education, and life education three Not only does it impart knowledge to the people of the base area, but also changes the people's spiritual and cultural features through social education, and then promotes the transformation of the traditional rural social power structure. The study of its internal organizational mechanism and summing up its experience and lessons will not only help us to observe the panoramic view of the construction of the base area and the construction of the political power, but also for the present time. Social education provides some historical enlightenment. Following the purpose of "making history speaking and speaking with historical facts", this article tries to show the original features of social education in Shanxi revolutionary base area by analyzing a large number of original archives, trying to jump out of the traditional research paradigm of "policy effect", and focus more attention on social education at the grass-roots level. In the concrete operation of the rural areas of the base area, the social education has the effect of the common people and the process of the acceptance of the social education, the research method of "bottom-up" and "top-down" is organically combined to make the research have "flesh and blood". The text of this article is discussed in the following aspects: the first chapter outlines the war of resistance before the war of resistance. The whole development of social education in China has combed the basic situation of the development of social education in Shanxi before the war. The second chapter examines the background of the implementation of social education in Shanxi revolutionary base areas. Before the establishment of the Shanxi revolutionary base, the social education in the Soviet Area and the Shanxi Gansu Ningxia border area has achieved remarkable results and formed a lot of valuable experiences for reference. The education in the Soviet Area and the Shanxi Gansu Ningxia border area is a new kind of education guided by Marx's doctrine, combining the principle of Marx's education with the concrete reality of China. The core of the education ideology is that education serves political and economic services, education is combined with productive labor, and the people are educated by communism and relying on the masses of the people. The social education experience of the district provides useful reference for the social education in Shanxi revolutionary base area. The third chapter explains the institutional arrangement of the social education in the Shanxi revolutionary base area, and mainly discusses the three aspects of the policy, the administrative organization and the organization mechanism of the social education. The fourth chapter examines the operation practice of the social education in the revolutionary base areas of Shanxi. It mainly analyzes the relevant policies and policies of literacy education, the operation measures, the launching of the winter sports, the organization, the objectives, the teaching methods, the educational content, the effect of the education, the social education of the school and the social education in the enemy occupied area, including the case study of the new model, the winter school of children, and the other society. Education institutions such as the public school, the national revolution room, the people's Education Hall, the club, the mass blackboard newspaper, and the people's culture hall, cultural cooperative, winter transportation team, Mount Wutai Lama's social education, learning station, and so on. The fifth chapter studies the teachers and teaching materials of the social education duty of the Shanxi revolutionary base area. And teaching materials are the basic elements of social education. The teachers of the social education in the Shanxi revolutionary base area are called compulsory teachers. They are a special form of teachers in the period of the base area. This chapter from the selection and training of compulsory teachers, the level of education, class composition, standard and reward of model teachers, teacher training classes and other aspects of social education. The teaching material of social education is a literal presentation of the goals and tasks of social education. The author makes a detailed exposition of the arrangement of text, the selection of content, the method of arrangement, the exercises after class, and the method of teaching. On this basis, the author sums up its characteristics: that is, the content is easy to understand and close to the country. The people's daily life; the text arrangement progressively progressively, conforms to the cognitive law; uses the singing and illustrations to enrich the teaching material; propagates the policy of the Communist Party of China and works closely with the center of the base area. The sixth chapter expounds the two "characteristics" of the social education in the Shanxi revolutionary base area. In particular, the rural drama troupe and the female social education. The rural drama troupe is a popular and popular social education organization, which is popularized by the masses. It is propagandize with the artistic form of the masses. The rural drama troupe encourages the masses to educate the masses and encourages the masses to actively participate in the propaganda of the opera troupe. The play is rich and colorful, the rural drama troupe is deeply loved by the masses, and the number of the troupe is fast. Women's social education, through education for women, makes women liberate, social and family status has been promoted; women's marriage is paid attention to, women's marriage is encouraged, and women's production, support and excellent anti education have achieved excellent results. The seventh chapter analyses the factors that affect the social education in the Shanxi revolutionary base areas. The traditional research perspective of the broken school has examined the influence on the social education in Shanxi revolutionary base areas from five aspects, such as the change of the war situation in Shanxi revolutionary base areas, the transformation of the central work, the cooperation of the mass organizations, the students' own efforts, the "concise politics" and the influence of "three checks and three whole", and explored the various factors and the social teaching in the base areas. The interaction between breeding.

【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K269
，

本文编号：1811251