民国时期贵州公路交通研究（1927-1945）

发布时间：2018-05-03 03:20

本文选题：民国 + 贵州　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：贵州位于西南山区,云贵高原东部,隆起于四川盆地、湖南丘陵和广西丘陵之间,与邻省形成巨大落差。境内地表崎岖不平,山高水长,地下溶洞遍布,形成“八山一水一分田”的特殊地理形势,加之社会经济落后,使公路交通建设变得相当困难。但是,民国时期贵州公路交通,在贵州民众广泛参与,不怕困难、不怕牺牲的配合下,以及政府技术、资金、政策等方面的支持下,取得了可喜的成果。从1927年开始进行公路交通建设,到1945年抗日战争结束,二十余年间,公路交通得到大大改善。先后修通干支线30余条,共计里程3300余公里,完成县道4989.3公里,乡村道13402余公里,连接省内外大部分地区,一跃成为西南地区重要的交通要道。随着公路交通的发展和抗日战争局势的变化,贵州行驶车辆逐渐增多,贵州省政府和国民政府公路交通部门加强了对这一地区公路交通的管理,各种管理机构先后设置,管理职能不断完善,相关公路交通管理制度逐渐建立起来,保障了公路运输“健康”、“有序”的运行。公路交通建设的发展和公路交通管理机构职能的扩大及相关制度的建立,给贵州社会和抗日战争带来了一系列的影响,推动了贵州公路交通运输业、汽车修理业、汽车机械工业等相关产业繁荣;同时,保障了抗日战争期间工厂、物资、人员的顺利内迁及战略物资的顺利转运,有效地支援了抗日战争。文章分为五个部分:第一部分阐述了民国时期贵州的自然环境和社会环境,以分析其发展公路交通所面临的困难,为下文打下基础。第二部分面对第一部分所描述的自然社会环境,重点从政府力量和民间力量两个方面分析民国时期贵州公路交通得以克服困难,迅速发展的原因。政府方面,主要包括政府官员的倡导、提供技术指导、经费支持、推动土地征收等;民众方面,主要包括普通民众广泛参与和地方精英人士的倡导。第三部分介绍了民国时期贵州公路在初步发展、逐渐发展和快速完善阶段期间的干支路修筑和整理情况。第四部分对民国时期贵州公路交通管理进行论述。主要包括公路交通管理机构的建立和行车安全、司机之管理等公路交通管理方面的内容。第五部分从促进贵州公路交通运输业及相关行业的繁荣和保障工厂、人员内迁和战略物资转等方运面对贵州公路交通发展的作用进行论述。
[Abstract]:Guizhou is located in the southwest mountainous area, Yungui plateau east, uplift in Sichuan basin, Hunan hilly and Guangxi hilly, forming a huge gap with neighboring provinces. The terrain is rugged, the mountains are long, the underground caverns are all over, forming the special geographical situation of "eight mountains, one water and one field", and the social economy backwardness, make the highway traffic construction become quite difficult. However, in the period of the Republic of China, Guizhou highway traffic, with the support of the government technology, funds, policies and so on, has achieved gratifying results under the cooperation of the people in Guizhou, not afraid of difficulties and sacrifice. From the beginning of road traffic construction in 1927 to the end of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1945, the road traffic has been greatly improved in more than 20 years. More than 30 trunk branch lines have been repaired, with a total mileage of more than 3300 km, 4989.3 km of county road and 13402 km of rural road, connecting most areas inside and outside of the province, and has become an important traffic route in southwest China. With the development of highway traffic and changes in the situation of the Anti-Japanese War, the number of vehicles used in Guizhou gradually increased. The highway traffic department of the Guizhou Provincial Government and the National Government strengthened the management of highway traffic in this area, and various management agencies were set up successively. The management function is constantly perfected, and the related highway traffic management system is gradually established, which ensures the "healthy" and "orderly" operation of the highway transportation. The development of highway traffic construction, the expansion of the functions of highway traffic management organizations and the establishment of related systems have brought a series of influences to Guizhou society and the War of Resistance against Japan, and promoted the Guizhou highway transportation industry and automobile repair industry. At the same time, it ensured the smooth relocation of factories, materials and personnel and the smooth transit of strategic materials during the War of Resistance against Japan, which effectively supported the War of Resistance against Japan. The article is divided into five parts: the first part expounds the natural environment and social environment of Guizhou during the period of the Republic of China in order to analyze the difficulties it faces in developing highway traffic and lay a foundation for the following. Facing the natural social environment described in the first part, the second part focuses on analyzing the reasons why Guizhou highway traffic was able to overcome the difficulties and develop rapidly in the period of the Republic of China from two aspects: government power and folk power. The government mainly includes the advocacy of government officials, providing technical guidance, funding support, promoting land expropriation and so on; the populace mainly includes the broad participation of ordinary people and the advocacy of the local elite. The third part introduces the construction and arrangement of Qianzhi Road in the period of the initial development, gradual development and rapid improvement of Guizhou highway during the period of the Republic of China. The fourth part discusses the highway traffic management in Guizhou during the period of the Republic of China. Including the establishment of highway traffic management agencies and traffic safety, driver management and other aspects of highway traffic management. The fifth part discusses the functions of promoting the prosperity and protection of Guizhou highway transportation and related industries, moving people inside and transferring strategic materials to Guizhou highway traffic.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K26;F542.9

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