1942—1944年豫籍灾民迁移新疆述略

发布时间：2018-05-06 00:00

本文选题：移民史 + 河南灾荒　；参考：《东岳论丛》2014年04期

【摘要】：移民史研究是社会史研究的重要内容之一,但目前的研究多局限于"求证""历次移民的数量和规模"方面,对于移民的具体迁移过程,极少有涉及,更缺乏对影响历次移民成效的因素的探讨。民国以来,移民西北的呼声不绝于耳,中央政府多次提出移民西北的庞大计划,但都未能实现。纵观整个民国时期,移民西北的实际成效极为有限。是什么因素制约了民国时期移民西北的计划,确实耐人寻味。1942年中原旱灾,为了救济灾民,国民政府决定将部分河南灾民迁移新疆垦殖。虽然由于种种困难,使得移民计划未能全部完成,但这是民国成立以来,第一次由政府组织的移民新疆的具体实践。而在实际运作过程中所反映出的矛盾和困难,对于探讨影响民国时期乃至于今天移民成效的因素也具有一定的意义。
[Abstract]:The study of immigration history is one of the important contents of social history research, but most of the current studies are limited to the "verification" of "the number and scale of previous immigrants", and are rarely involved in the specific migration process of immigrants. There is also a lack of discussion on the factors that affect the effectiveness of previous migration. Since the Republic of China, there have been numerous calls to emigrate northwest, and the central government has repeatedly proposed a huge plan to emigrate northwest, but it has failed to materialize. Throughout the period of the Republic of China, the actual effect of emigration northwest was very limited. In 1942, the Central Plains drought, in order to relief the victims, the National Government decided to relocate some Henan victims to Xinjiang reclamation. Although due to various difficulties, the immigration plan has not been fully completed, but this is the first time since the founding of the Republic of China that the concrete practice of emigrating to Xinjiang has been organized by the government. The contradictions and difficulties reflected in the actual operation also have certain significance for discussing the factors that affect the effect of emigration during the period of the Republic of China and even today.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K26;D693.6

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