湖北枪炮厂的兴建和发展（1888-1927）及其历史作用探析

发布时间：2018-05-18 10:47

本文选题：晚清军用工业 + 湖北枪炮厂　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：1840年鸦片战争中,外国资本主义用坚船利炮打开了古老中国的大门,从此以后西方列强开始通过各种手段侵略着我国的领土和资源。与此同时,国内由于封建统治阶级的集权统治,阶级矛盾不断激化,农民起义不断。在这种严重的内忧外患的形势下,清政府内部一些洋务派主张引进和学习西方先进科学技术,兴办民用和军事工业,并相应的对军事、外交、文化教育和某些政府机构进行改革,以此来巩固和维护封建统治,由此产生了洋务运动。在这次洋务运动的过程中,我国近代军事工业取得了较快的发展。自1861年起,清政府在我国近三分之二的省份设立了军工生产机构。其中规模较大的主要有江南制造局、福州船政局、天津机器局、金陵机器制造局与湖北枪炮厂等。目前,学术界关于前四个机构的研究已经比较全面和深入,对湖北枪炮厂的研究还显薄弱。本文以湖北枪炮厂为研究对象,以晚清至民国时期为时间线索,考察其建立的背景、经营状况和发展演变情况,分析了它的历史地位与作用。本文的主要工作如下：第一,从整体上对晚清时期军用工业兴起的历史背景的分析。本文第一章主要对晚清军用工业兴起的背景、军工机构的布局特点和原因做了详细的考察和分析。第二,对晚清时期湖北枪炮厂的研究。本文第二章中,通过对史料的考察和整理,梳理出晚清时期湖北枪炮厂创建的历史背景,分析当时的生产状况和经费收支情况、技术的引进与传播,研究它的管理机制。第三,对晚清以后湖北枪炮厂的研究。本文认为研究晚清以后的湖北枪炮厂应分为两个历史时期进行,即北洋政府时期与国民政府时期。本文第三章主要着重分析在北洋政府这个特殊的历史时期中,湖北枪炮厂的沿革与变迁,生产状况与技术改进。同时对之后国民政府时期的发展作一个简单的介绍。第四,在上述考察和研究的基础上,客观辩证的分析湖北枪炮厂的历史地位和作用。本文认为湖北枪炮厂的存在与发展有其历史的局限性,但它对中国近代工业,尤其是军用工业的发展也产生了重大的影响。
[Abstract]:In the Opium War of 1840, foreign capitalism opened the door of ancient China with a strong boat and sharp guns. After that, Western powers began to invade China's territory and resources by various means. At the same time, because of the centralized rule of feudal ruling class, the contradiction of class intensified and peasant uprising continued. Under this serious internal and external situation, some Westerners within the Qing government advocated the introduction and study of advanced western science and technology, the establishment of civilian and military industries, and the corresponding response to military and foreign affairs. Cultural education and reform of certain government institutions to consolidate and maintain feudal rule, resulting in the Westernization Movement. In the process of the Westernization Movement, China's modern military industry has made rapid development. Since 1861, the Qing government has set up military production organizations in nearly 2/3 provinces of China. The major ones are Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Fuzhou Shipyard Bureau, Tianjin Machinery Bureau, Jinling Machine Manufacturing Bureau and Hubei Gun Factory. At present, the academic research on the first four institutions has been comprehensive and thorough, and the research on Hubei gun factory is still weak. Taking Hubei gun factory as the research object and taking the period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China as the time clue, this paper investigates its background, management status and development and evolvement, and analyzes its historical position and function. The main work of this paper is as follows: Firstly, the historical background of the rise of military industry in the late Qing Dynasty was analyzed as a whole. The first chapter makes a detailed investigation and analysis on the background of the rise of military industry in the late Qing Dynasty, the layout characteristics and reasons of the military industry. Second, the study of Hubei gun factory in the late Qing Dynasty. In the second chapter of this paper, through the investigation and arrangement of historical data, the historical background of the establishment of Hubei gun factory in the late Qing Dynasty is sorted out, and the production situation, the income and expenditure of funds at that time, the introduction and dissemination of technology, and the management mechanism of Hubei gun factory are analyzed. Third, the research of Hubei gun factory after the late Qing Dynasty. This paper holds that the study of Hubei gun factory after the late Qing Dynasty should be divided into two historical periods, namely, the period of the Beiyang Government and the period of the National Government. The third chapter focuses on the history and changes, production conditions and technical improvement of Hubei gun factory during the special historical period of Beiyang government. At the same time, after the development of the National Government to make a simple introduction. Fourthly, on the basis of the above investigation and research, the historical position and function of Hubei gun factory are analyzed objectively and dialectically. This paper holds that the existence and development of Hubei gun factory has its historical limitations, but it also has a great influence on the development of modern Chinese industry, especially military industry.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K25

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