湖北省农村代耕工作研究（1949-1956）

发布时间：2018-05-30 20:17

本文选题：建国初 + 湖北省　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：代耕工作是优抚工作的主要内容。作为衡量拥军优抚工作好坏的主要标准,对烈军属和革命残废军人实行代耕优待是自红军建立以来的优良传统。新中国成立后国家立即提出对烈军属及革命残废军人加以适当照顾。建国伊始,国家百废待兴,烈军属和革命残废军人生活困难重重,加之抗美援朝的需要,以劳力优待为主的代耕形式非常符合当时需要。1949-1953年湖北省为更好地实行劳力优待,配合拥军优属提高烈军属和革命残废军人的政治地位,在代耕过程中极力推广固定代耕。这一阶段在湖北省府的努力下,优抚代耕工作取得一些效果。但湖北省解放较晚,优抚经验不足,此阶段代耕工作完成得并不理想。1952年国家要求确定固定代耕,湖北省很多县区仍采用派工制,优生不优死、优近不优远的情况普遍存在。1953年国家提出过渡时期总路线,要求进行农业合作化的改造,根据国家指示,湖北省优抚代耕总方向发生转变,发动与鼓励烈军属和革命残废军人在自愿互利的前提下参加生产,代耕内容也由劳力代耕向合作代耕转变,纯粹的劳力优待逐渐的被生产互助的合作代耕所取代。代耕工作的主体烈军属、群众和干部都有不同程度的思想顾虑。烈军属以“功臣”的心态自居,唯恐取消代耕或因劳力弱会吃亏。群众又怕烈军属增添麻烦,不愿意吸收他们入社。建国初期湖北省代耕工作由于代耕经验不足虽取得一些成效但同时也存在很多不足,代耕效果呈现出不平衡的特点。
[Abstract]:The work of contract farming is the main content of the management work. As the main standard to evaluate the good or bad work of supporting the army, it has been a fine tradition since the establishment of the Red Army to give preferential treatment to the martyrs and the disabled revolutionary soldiers. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the state immediately proposed to give proper care to the martyrs and the disabled revolutionary servicemen. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the country was full of waste and prosperity, and the families of the martyrs and the disabled revolutionary servicemen had many difficulties in their lives. In addition, in addition to the need of resisting US aggression and aiding the DPRK, the form of contract farming, which was dominated by preferential treatment of labor, was very consistent with the needs of the time. Cooperate with the superior members of the army to improve the political status of the martyrs and the disabled revolutionary soldiers, and vigorously promote the fixed contract farming in the process of contract farming. In this stage, with the efforts of Hubei Province, some effects have been obtained. However, the liberation of Hubei Province was late, the experience of superior management was not enough, and the work of contract farming was not completed well at this stage. In 1952, the state required fixed contract farming, and many counties and districts in Hubei Province still adopted the system of assignment of workers. In 1953, the state put forward the general route for the transitional period, and demanded the transformation of agricultural cooperation. According to the state instructions, the general direction of farming and contract farming in Hubei Province had changed. Under the premise of voluntary and mutually beneficial participation in production, the content of contract farming is also changed from labor contract to cooperative farming, and the pure labor preferential treatment is gradually replaced by the cooperation of production and mutual assistance. The main body of farming work, the army, the masses and cadres have varying degrees of ideological concern. The martyrs regarded themselves as meritorious officers, lest they should cancel contract farming or suffer losses due to weak labor. The masses were afraid that the martyrs would cause trouble and would not accept them into the cooperative. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the work of contract tillage in Hubei Province achieved some results due to the lack of experience in contract tillage, but at the same time, there were also many deficiencies.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27

【参考文献】