1956-1966年河北省城市社会救助问题论析

发布时间：2018-06-01 00:48

本文选题：河北省 + 城市救助　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：1956年，随着社会主义改造的完成，中国开始了以社会主义计划经济为主体的大规模经济建设，与此相适应的社会救助制度基本形成。1956-1966年这一时期城市社会救助的特点是：强调单位救助和国家救助相结合的救助方针，单位承担着本单位困难职工的救助工作，国家则主要承担了单位救助范围之外的“三无人员”的救助工作。本文旨在研究1956-1966年国家对城市“三无人员”的救助政策、实践及其成效和不足，以期能对现今的社会救助提供一些有益的借鉴。在文章结构安排上，除前言和结语外，分为四部分。前言部分，主要阐述了选题意义，介绍了研究方法，对本论题的学术史进行了梳理和回顾，并对相关概念进行了界定（社会救助、社会福利等）。第一部分，介绍对孤寡老人的救助。回顾了国家和河北省对孤寡老人的救助政策，，并以张家口市桥东区城市敬老院为例，考察了对孤寡老人的救助实践，总结了当时孤寡老人救助的成效和存在的不足之处。第二部分，介绍对残疾人的救助。回顾了国家和河北省对残疾人的救助政策，并以张家口市和秦皇岛市的盲、聋哑工作为例，考察了对残疾人的救助实践，并对现今残疾人的就业问题进行了思考。第三部分，介绍对儿童的救助。回顾了国家和河北省对儿童的救助政策，并以天津市和保定市的儿童救助机构为例，考察了对儿童的救助实践，总结了当时儿童救助的不足和对现今开展儿童救助工作的启示。第四部分，介绍对城市贫民的救助。回顾了国家和河北省对城市贫民的救助政策，并以唐山市和天津市为例，考察了对城市贫民的救助实践，思考了对当今社会救助特别是城市“低保”的启示。本文认为，1956-1966年河北省城市社会救助工作是卓有成效的，基本上解决了弱势群体的生存问题，其成功经验对现今构建和完善当代中国的社会救助体系等方面有着重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In 1956, with the completion of socialist transformation, China began large-scale economic construction with socialist planned economy as the main body. The characteristics of urban social assistance during the period of 1956-1966 are as follows: the principle of combining unit assistance with state assistance is emphasized, and the unit is responsible for the relief work of its staff and workers. The state is mainly responsible for the unit outside the scope of assistance, "three no personnel" rescue work. The purpose of this paper is to study the policy, practice, effectiveness and deficiency of the government's aid to the city from 1956 to 1966, with a view to providing some useful references for the social assistance today. In the structure of the article, in addition to the preface and conclusion, it is divided into four parts. In the preface, the significance of the topic is mainly expounded, the research method is introduced, the academic history of this topic is combed and reviewed, and the related concepts are defined (social assistance, social welfare, etc.) The first part introduces the aid to the lonely elderly. This paper reviews the rescue policies of the state and Hebei province to the lonely elderly, and takes the urban residential homes in Qiaodong District of Zhangjiakou City as an example to investigate the rescue practice of the lonely elderly, and sums up the results and shortcomings of the aid for the lonely elderly at that time. The second part introduces the relief to the disabled. This paper reviews the aid policies of the state and Hebei province to the disabled, and takes the work of blindness and deaf-mute in Zhangjiakou and Qinhuangdao as examples, investigates the relief practice for the disabled, and thinks about the employment of the disabled nowadays. The third part introduces the rescue of children. This paper reviews the policies of the government and Hebei province on children's rescue, and takes the children's aid institutions in Tianjin and Baoding as examples, and reviews the practice of children's rescue, and summarizes the deficiency of children's rescue at that time and the enlightenment to the development of children's rescue work today. The fourth part introduces the aid to the urban poor. This paper reviews the aid policies of the state and Hebei province to the urban poor, and takes Tangshan and Tianjin as examples, investigates the practice of rescuing the urban poor, and thinks about the enlightenment to the social relief, especially to the urban "minimum living". This paper holds that the urban social assistance work in Hebei Province from 1956 to 1966 was fruitful and basically solved the problem of the survival of the vulnerable groups. Its successful experience is of great significance for the construction and improvement of the social assistance system in contemporary China.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K27;D632.1

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